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exercise science > Ch4 > Flashcards

Ch4 Flashcards

1
Q

anaerobic, ATP/PC, shot put, vertical jump, initial sec of a sprint

A

immediate energy source; maximal work, 1-5 sec

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2
Q

anaerobic, glycolysis(breakdown of CHO), glucose->2 pyruvic acid+2 ATP=

A

short term energy source; maximal work <2

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3
Q

aerobic; occurs in the mitochondria, muscle glycogen, glucose, plasma FFA;

A

long term energy source; >2 min ALL submaximal work

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4
Q

___ filament=- Actin (I band)

___ filament= Myosin (A band)

A

thin; thick

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5
Q

52% type I
33% type lla
13% type llx

A

muscle fiber distribution

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6
Q

__twitch fibers do not convert to slow twitch with training

A

Fast

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7
Q

Training increases

oxidative capacity by…

A

increasing mitochondrial number and capillary density

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8
Q

type llx can be converted to lla in response to ___ training

A

aerobic

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9
Q

increased capillary density to carry O2 to
mitochondria
fatigue resistant
ATP regenerated in the mitochondria

A

type l (SO or ST)

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10
Q 
Has characteristics of both Type I
and IIx (intermediate)
Greater force produced (than Type I)
– but also resists fatigue due to large
number of mitochondria
A

type lla (FOG or FTa)

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11
Q

Primarily - anaerobic metabolism for
contraction (CP and glycolysis)
Highest force
Fatigue quickly

A

type llx (FG or FTb)

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12
Q

maximal rate at which oxygen can be

consumed/utilized during maximal physical work

A

VO2max

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13
Q

L/min

A

absolute

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14
Q

ml/kg/min

A

relative

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15
Q 
Training - 5-25% increase (44% extreme
interval training)
Heredity can account for up to 40%.
Gender and Age
Altitude & VO2max - inverse relationship
A

factors that influence on VO2 max

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16
Q

calcium is stored in the ___ ___

A

sarcoplasmic reticulum

17
Q

high calcium ion bond to troponin proteins changing shape so tropomyosin is out of way so myosin heads can crawl along thin actin filaments so muscle contraction/

A

calcium role in muscle contraction

18
Q

low calcium tropopinin pulls tropomyosin heads means relaxation

A

calcium role with relaxation

19
Q
  1. ATP split, forming high energy myosin
  2. cross bridge binding to actin
  3. energy release from myosin and cross bridge movement
  4. binding og atp dissociaes cross bridge from actin
A

single crossbridge cycle

20
Q

membrane surrounding myofibril, and releases calcium into the sarcoplasm

A

sarcoplasmic reticulum

21
Q

slow oxidative fibers

A

type I fibers

22
Q

fast oxidative glycolytic fibers

A

type IIa fibers

23
Q

fast glycolytic fibers

A

type IIx fibers

24
Q

1membrane excitation
2.ca release
3.ca binds to troponin removing blocking action of tropomyosin
4.crossbridge movement
5.calcium uptake
6 removal of ca form troponin restores blocking action of tropomyosin

A

crossbridge

25
Q

vo2 max measured near at the end of an incremental exercise protocol to fatigue and criteria includes:
plateu in vo2
rer> 1.1
HR within 10 b/min of estimated

A

maximal oxygen consumption

26
Q

Vo2 max and Vo2 peak is that the latter is the highest value of running oxygen uptake attained in a high intensity test. Vo2 Max on the other hand is the maximum value beyond which no boost in effort can raise it

A

vo2 max vs vo2 peak

27
Q

altitude and vo2 max have an ___ relationship

A

inverse

28
Q

VCO2 production / VO2 consumption

A

respiratory exchange ratio

29
Q

indicates fuel utilization of fats, cho , or both for a given condition
R = 0.7 predominately fat
R = 1.0 ~100% CH

A

RER or (R)

30
Q

vo2= cardiac output x (a-V)O2 difference

A

variables affecting uptake of oxygen

31
Q

= heart rate x stroke volume

A

cardiac output

32
Q

stroke volume increases with training due to increase of volume of the ___

A

ventricle

33
Q

maximal oxygen extraction is increased following training due to increases in..

A

capilary density and mitochondria number

34
Q

volume of oxygen missing in the first few min of work is __ ___

A

oxygen deficit

35
Q

work rate the blood lactate concentration suddenly increases

A

lactate threshold

36
Q

= heart rate X systolic BP

A

rate pressure proudct

37
Q

High CHO diet can increase muscle glycogen stores

Heavy training prior to ingesting CHO

A

Effects of Diet and Training on Fuel Utilization

exercise science (7 decks)

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