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developmental psychology: the child > Ch3:birth > Flashcards

Ch3:birth Flashcards

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1
Q

Birth

A
  • Drugs during Labor and Delivery
  • Systemic Analgesics: Tylenol (acetominophen)
  • Local Anesthesia (emergencies)
  • General Anesthesia
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2
Q

• Regional Analgesia

A
  • Epidural block

* 60% U.S

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3
Q

Lamaze method

A
  • Take a deap 6 count breath
  • Relase for 6 counts
  • Reapeat
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4
Q

what percentage of birth occur in hospitital

A

99%

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5
Q

what does the fathers presence do at the birth?

A
  • Less pain
  • Less meds
  • Faster delivery
  • Fewer Complications
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6
Q

Stage 1: Dialation and Effacement

A

Latent phase: contractions are relatively far apart and are not very uncomfortable
Active phase: dilation of the cervix from 3–4 centimeters

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7
Q

Stage 2: Birth of the baby

A

Usually head first, face down

Breech Presentation: Feet or buttocks firs

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8
Q

Stage 3

A

delivery of the umbilica cord and placenta (afterbirth

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9
Q

what are the three stages of birth?

A

stage 1 : dialation and effacement , stage 2: birth of baby, stage 3: umbilical and placenta

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10
Q

what are the most common Birth Complications

A

Anoxia(umbilical cord callapes or is pinched= decrease in blood oxygen, TIME is critical
• Loss of oxygen immediately surrounding birth
• Cerebral palsy, mental retardation

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11
Q

Apgar Scale

A
  • Done at birth and then 5 minutes later
  • At 5 minutes 85-90% score 9 or 19(10-max)

Less than 4+ meidcal intervention requir

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12
Q

Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale

A
  • Tracks development over 2 weeks
  • Looking for CNS function (responses to stimuli and refleces
  • Sometimes the parents need to be trained
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13
Q

what is the optimal birth weight?

A

3,000 to 5,000 grams (6.6 to 11 pounds)

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14
Q

Low Birth Weight

A

(Below 2,5000 graws or 5.5 pounds) Close to 1005S survival

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15
Q

VLBW(very low birth weight)

A

1500 g/3.3 lb

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16
Q

ELBW ( extremely low birth weight)

A

1000 g/ 2.2

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17
Q

is there gender differences among development of LBW babies

A

yes lbw girls develoment better than LBW boys

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18
Q

Preterm

A

born before week 38

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19
Q

what are the causes of preterm infants?

A

mom who smokes, malnutrition

20
Q

Respiratory distress syndrome

A

Lungs lack a chemical to stay inflate

21
Q

Developmental nursursey

A

very dark, quite, because central nervous systems is so imature

22
Q

Adaptive Reflexes

A

Disappear during first year of life
• Help survival
• Sucking
• Swallowing
• Rooting: akaa stroking the cheek and baby turns towards it
• Weak or absent reflexes warn of possible neuronal development problems

23
Q

Primitive Reflexes

A
  • Controlled by the medulla and midbrain
  • Disappearance of these reflexes should occur by 6 to 8 months
  • Persistence indicate neurological problems
24
Q

how much time do neonates sleep?

A

about 90% of the time

25
Q

when do babies begin to sleep through the night?

A

by about 8 weeks and can sleep for 3-5 hours

26
Q

how long does a 6 month old sleep?

A

14 hours per day, 8-10 hours a night

27
Q

how much do neonates cry?

A

-2% to 11% of the day spent crying

28
Q

when does crying increase?

A

2-3 hrs/day at 6 weeks

29
Q

when does crying decrease?

A

1hr/day by 3 months

30
Q

Colic

A
  • Persistent and often inconsolable cring, totaling more than 3 hours per day
  • 15-20% of infants
  • Appear around 2 weeks

Disappers at 3-4 ,pmtjs

31
Q

Cephaocaudal

A

development proceeds from head to toe

32
Q

Priximodista

A

Development process fromm trunk out towards th efing

33
Q

Temperament

A

Inborn predispositions that form foundations of personality

34
Q

what three temperament did Thomas and Chess ?

A

Easy child, slow to warm up child, difficult child

35
Q

what percentage of babies were easy child?

A

40%

36
Q

what percentage of baibes were difficult childs?

A

10%

37
Q

what percentage of babies were slpw tp war up childs?

A

1%

38
Q

how is breast feading superior nutrionally?

A
  • Contributes to more rapid weight gain and size
  • Less likely to suffer from coomon illnesses
  • Stimulates better immune system functioning
  • May not be possible for all mothers
  • Diarrhea, colic,
39
Q

how can bottle-feading compare to breastfeading?

A
  • Can be high quality
  • Special needs formulas availibel
  • Baabies can be held and cuddled in the same way aas breastfed babies
  • Infant social reactions are identical to breastfed babies
40
Q

when should you introduce solid foods to your infant?

A

• Should start between 4-5 months

41
Q

what should be the first food you introduce to your baby?

A

rice cereal with iron

42
Q

ate what rate should you introduce new foods to your baby?

A

no more than 1 new food a week

43
Q

Well Baby Care

A

Motor skills assed by doctor

44
Q

why is diarhea common and why can it be deadly?

A
  • Worldwide-common and deadly
  • 3.5 million infants and chidren each year
  • Vitrually all deaths could be prevented with fluids
45
Q

how many colds does a baby get in there first year of life?

A

7 colds

46
Q

Ear infections(Ottis Media)

A

• Inflammation of middle ear caused by bacterial infection

Parents should not ignore chornic OM, because…..? It could effect hearing

47
Q

Sudden Infant Deaht Syndrome (SIDS)

A
  • Apparently healthy baby dies suddenly
  • More common in babies with apnea
  • More frequen in baibes who sleep on their stomachs ]

Higher risk if mother smokes during pregancy or anyone smokes in the home ater birth

developmental psychology: the child (7 decks)

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