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Physical Science > ch25.3and25.4 > Flashcards

ch25.3and25.4 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the boundary that marks the density change between layers?

A

discontinuity

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2
Q

How are discontinuities identified?

A

by using seismic waves

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3
Q

What are shadow zones?

A

Areas where seismic have aren’t recorded

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4
Q

What is another name for shadow zones?

A

dead zone

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5
Q

Between which degrees do shadow zones fall?

A

105 to 140 degrees

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6
Q

Is the outer core a liquid or a solid?

A

liquid

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7
Q

is the inner core a liquid or a solid?

A

solid

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8
Q

What two things makes up the lithosphere?

A

the crust and the uppermost mantle

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9
Q

What is the asthenosphere?

A

plastic like layer on which Earths plates move

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10
Q

Which elements make up Earth’s mantle?

A

Calcium, Aluminum, Iron, Magnesium

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11
Q

Which elements make up the core?

A

Iron and Nickle

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12
Q

What is viscosity?

A

The measure of a fluids resistance to flow

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13
Q

What is silica?

A

The chemical compound silicon dioxide

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14
Q

what is a cinder cone volcanoe?

A

small and have short eruption cycles

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15
Q

what is a shield volcanoe?

A

broad with flat structures composed of layer upon layer of lava flow

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16
Q

What is a composite volcanoe?

A

large steep sided often thousands of meters high

17
Q

What is molten or liquid rock stored inside earth called?

A

magma

18
Q

Where is the ring of fire located?

A

along the pacific ocean shore line

19
Q

which 2 specific location have volcanic activity due to divergents?

A

East African Rift and the Mid Atlantic ridge

20
Q

Are hot spots stationary?

A

yes

21
Q

What can hot spots create?

A

islands(Hawiian islands)

22
Q

If the viscosity if higher will the fluid flow more quickly or more slowly?

A

more slowly

23
Q

If magma has a high viscostiy will it contain more or less silica?

A

more

24
Q

What is pyroplastic material?

A

Any solid material that erupts from a volcano

25
Q

What is the smallest pyroplastic material?

A

volcanic ash

26
Q

What is the largest pyroplastic material?

A

Volcanic blocks and bombs

27
Q

What are the types of gases that erupt?

A

Water vapor, Carbon dioxide, and sulfur dioxide

28
Q

What causes different styles of eruption?

A

magma and viscosity

29
Q

Why are there different types of volcanoes?

A

shape, size and materials that erupt

30
Q

What erupts from cinder cones?

A

high temperatures, low viscosity

31
Q

What erupts from shield volcanoes?

A

high temperature, low viscosity, basaltic lava

32
Q

What are composite volcanoes formed from?

A

Erupting pyroplastic material building up

33
Q

What are the three types of volcanoes?

A

shield, composite, cinder cone

Physical Science (6 decks)

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