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physical science > ch25 > Flashcards

ch25 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

a system of mountain ranges on the sea floor separated by valleys

A

mid-ocean range

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2
Q

a long narrow depression

A

rift valley

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3
Q

The boundary where two plates collide

A

convergent plate boundary

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4
Q

when a thick buoyant plate pushes a thin dense plate under itself

A

subduction

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5
Q

When the boundary of two plates that are moving apart

A

divergent plate boundary

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6
Q

plates slide horizontally passed each other

A

transform plate boundary

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7
Q

a sudden movement or vibration of the ground that occurs when rocks slip and slide along enormous cracks in the Earths crust called faults

A

earthquake

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8
Q

a crack in the Earths crust along which rock has moved

A

fault

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9
Q

A sudden release of energy as rock moves along a fault .Produces energy called seismic waves that travel in the Earth

A

elastic rebound

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10
Q

The origin of an Earthquake

A

focus

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11
Q

The point directly above the focus

A

epicenter

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12
Q

Who came up with the continental drift hypothesis

A

Alfred Wegener

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13
Q

What is the evidence for the continental drift hypothesis

A

The continents match up like a puzzle

Match rocks and fossils

Similar mountains and formations

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14
Q

what was the super continent called

A

Pangaea

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15
Q

Who came up with the seafloor spreading hypothesis

A

Harry Hess

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16
Q

How did Harry Hess discover the Seafloor spreading Hypothesis

A

Sonar

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17
Q

What did Harry Hess discover using sonar

A

MOR

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18
Q

On the Ocean Floor where is the Newest Rock

A

Closer to the MOR

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19
Q

What are the types of plate boundaries

A

Divergent
Convergent
Transform

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20
Q

how do convergent plate boundaries move

A

They collide

21
Q

What type of boundary does subduction happen

A

Convergent

22
Q

What are the two types of crust

A

Oceanic

continental

23
Q

What Type of crust has to be present for volcanic activity to occur

A

Oceanic

24
Q

If two continental crust collide what happens

A

mountains

25
Q

If an oceanic continental crusts collide what happens

A

Deep sea trench and volcanoes

26
Q

If two oceanic plates collide what happens

A

Volcanic islands

27
Q

how do divergent plate boundaries move

A

They pull away from each other

28
Q

What is a divergent plate example

A

The MOR is one example only oceanic

29
Q

How do transform plate boundaries move

A

They slide passed eachother

30
Q

What is the only transform plate boundary

A

San Andreas Fault

31
Q

What plates can be transform boundaries

A

Two continental

32
Q

What is an Earthquake

A

The sudden movement or vibration of the crust

33
Q

Which plate boundaries have shallow earthquakes

A

Divergent and transform plate boudaries

34
Q

Which plate boundaries have deep earthquakes

A

convergent plate boundaries

35
Q

What types of stress are applied to rocks that cause earthquakes

A

Compression
tension
shear
torsion

36
Q

What are the types of deformation

A

Elastic

plastic

37
Q

What happens in elastic deformation

A

Deforms as stress is applied but returns to original shape after stress is gone

38
Q

What happens when plastic deformation happens

A

Deforms when stress applied and stays deformed

39
Q

How many types of seismic waves are there?

A

There are 3

40
Q

What are the types of seismic waves

A
  1. Primary
  2. secondary
  3. surface
41
Q

what are the 2 body waves

A

Primary waves

secondary waves

42
Q

what type of wave is a primary wave

A

compression

43
Q

What body wave moves the fastest

A

Primary waves

44
Q

What type of materials do p waves go through

A

solid and liquid

45
Q

what kind of material does s waves travel through

A

solids

46
Q

what types of waves do the most damage

A

surface waves

47
Q

what are the two scales that measure earthquakes

A

Richter

and Mercalli

48
Q

What does the Richter scale measure

A

The amount of energy released

49
Q

what does the mercalli scale measure

A

Damage

physical science (8 decks)

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