CH 26 Flashcards
naturally occurring inorganic solid
MIneral
a color of a material in a powder form
streak
when a mineral breaks along preferred planes of weakness creating sets of smooth parallel sides
cleavage
minerals that break unevenly
fracture
a minerals resistance to scratching
hardness
molten rock material inside of the Earth
magma
what are the two most abundant elements in earths crust
Silicon and oxygen
what does inorganic mean
materials that are nonliving
a mineral is
naturally occurring inorganic solid
what does the arrangement of an atom and the bonds between them reflect about the mineral
it reflects the minerals physical properties
what are all the ways to identify minerals
streak, luster, fracture, crystal shape, atomic structure, cleavage,hardness
what are the two types of luster
nonmetallic and metallic
how does metallic luster reflect light
like a metal
how does nonmetallic luster reflect light
like glass
how do you perform a streak test
rub a mineral across an unglazed porcelain tile
what are the two types of breakage that can happen to minerals
cleavage and fracture
what is the name of the scale that measures the hardness of a mineral
MOHS
what is the number range on Mohs scale of hardness
1-10
How many different crystal shape systems are there
6
minerals grew from the
inside out
what are the three ways minerals form
evaporation water vapor or magma
what are the two mineral groups
silicates non silicates
which mineral group is the most abundant in Earths crust
silicates
what elements are silicates made up of
silicon
nonsilicates do not contain what element
silicon
what mineral is used to make glass
quartz
define rock
naturally formed mixture
how are rocks identified
compostition and texture
what does the texture of a rock describes about a rock
size shape and arrangement of components
where do intrusive igneous rocks form
underground
what type of molten rock does intrusive igneous rocks form
coarse rock like granite
what is the name of the series that illustrates simultaneous crystallization of silicate minerals
bowen’s reaction series
what are the 3 types of magma
mafic intermediate felsic
which type has a low silica content
mafic
which magma type has a high silica content
felsic
which type of crust has an abundant of quartz
continental
which type of crust has little to no quartz
deep continental and oceanix
`which type of igneous rock a coarse grained texture
intrusive
`which type of igneous rock a fine grained texture
extrusive
do fine grained rocks cool fast or slow
fast
what are the two specific texture types for extrusive igneous rock
vesicular and porphyritic
which texture is the type with holes left behind because of rapid cooling
vesicular
which texture is the type with two different crystal sizes because of different cooling rate
porphyritic
what type of rock has a vesicular texture
pumus
