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physical science > CH 26 > Flashcards

CH 26 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

naturally occurring inorganic solid

A

MIneral

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2
Q

a color of a material in a powder form

A

streak

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3
Q

when a mineral breaks along preferred planes of weakness creating sets of smooth parallel sides

A

cleavage

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4
Q

minerals that break unevenly

A

fracture

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5
Q

a minerals resistance to scratching

A

hardness

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6
Q

molten rock material inside of the Earth

A

magma

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7
Q

what are the two most abundant elements in earths crust

A

Silicon and oxygen

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8
Q

what does inorganic mean

A

materials that are nonliving

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9
Q

a mineral is

A

naturally occurring inorganic solid

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10
Q

what does the arrangement of an atom and the bonds between them reflect about the mineral

A

it reflects the minerals physical properties

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11
Q

what are all the ways to identify minerals

A

streak, luster, fracture, crystal shape, atomic structure, cleavage,hardness

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12
Q

what are the two types of luster

A

nonmetallic and metallic

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13
Q

how does metallic luster reflect light

A

like a metal

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14
Q

how does nonmetallic luster reflect light

A

like glass

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15
Q

how do you perform a streak test

A

rub a mineral across an unglazed porcelain tile

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16
Q

what are the two types of breakage that can happen to minerals

A

cleavage and fracture

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17
Q

what is the name of the scale that measures the hardness of a mineral

A

MOHS

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18
Q

what is the number range on Mohs scale of hardness

A

1-10

19
Q

How many different crystal shape systems are there

A

6

20
Q

minerals grew from the

A

inside out

21
Q

what are the three ways minerals form

A

evaporation water vapor or magma

22
Q

what are the two mineral groups

A

silicates non silicates

23
Q

which mineral group is the most abundant in Earths crust

A

silicates

24
Q

what elements are silicates made up of

A

silicon

25
Q

nonsilicates do not contain what element

A

silicon

26
Q

what mineral is used to make glass

A

quartz

27
Q

define rock

A

naturally formed mixture

28
Q

how are rocks identified

A

compostition and texture

29
Q

what does the texture of a rock describes about a rock

A

size shape and arrangement of components

30
Q

where do intrusive igneous rocks form

A

underground

31
Q

what type of molten rock does intrusive igneous rocks form

A

coarse rock like granite

32
Q

what is the name of the series that illustrates simultaneous crystallization of silicate minerals

A

bowen’s reaction series

33
Q

what are the 3 types of magma

A

mafic intermediate felsic

34
Q

which type has a low silica content

A

mafic

35
Q

which magma type has a high silica content

A

felsic

36
Q

which type of crust has an abundant of quartz

A

continental

37
Q

which type of crust has little to no quartz

A

deep continental and oceanix

38
Q

`which type of igneous rock a coarse grained texture

A

intrusive

39
Q

`which type of igneous rock a fine grained texture

A

extrusive

40
Q

do fine grained rocks cool fast or slow

A

fast

41
Q

what are the two specific texture types for extrusive igneous rock

A

vesicular and porphyritic

42
Q

which texture is the type with holes left behind because of rapid cooling

A

vesicular

43
Q

which texture is the type with two different crystal sizes because of different cooling rate

A

porphyritic

44
Q

what type of rock has a vesicular texture

A

pumus

physical science (8 decks)

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