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physical science > ch 27 section 1-2 > Flashcards

ch 27 section 1-2 Flashcards

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1
Q

the removal of surface material through the process of weathering

A

erosion

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2
Q

The transportation of weathered materials

A

sediment transport

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3
Q

The dropping of weathered materials

A

deposition

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4
Q

The land that gathers water for a major river

A

drainage basin

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5
Q

The movement of water parallel to the shore line

A

Long shore current

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6
Q

The process that involves the physical of chemical breakdown of a material

A

weathering

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7
Q

a mixture of weathered rock organic matter water and air

A

Soil

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8
Q

what is weathering

A

The break down of materials on earths surface

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9
Q

Do rocks weather at the same rate

A

NO, Location makes a difference

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10
Q

what are the two main factors that determine how fast a rock will weather

A

heat humidity

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11
Q

what are the two types of weathering

A

mechanical chemical

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12
Q

what type of change happens with mechanical weathering

A

physical

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13
Q

what type of change happens with chemical weathering

A

chemical changes

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14
Q

what are the three specific types of mechanical weathering

A

frost wedging, biological activity, collisions

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15
Q

what causes frost wedging

A

water collects in a crack and then freezes

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16
Q

what is the cycle called during frost wedging

A

freeze thaw cycles

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17
Q

what causes biological activity

A

a plant grows and the roots break the rock

an animal might burrow and crack rocks

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18
Q

what causes weathering during collisions

A

when rocks fall off cliffs

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19
Q

what is parent material

A

material soil forms from

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20
Q

what are soil horizons

A

different layers of soil

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21
Q

how many soil horizons are there

A

6

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22
Q

True false all soils contain every soil horizon

A

false

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23
Q

what are the specific soil horizons

A

O, A, E, B, C, R,

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24
Q

what does the first soil horizon contain

A

Organic material

25
Q

what is the second horizon made up of mostly

A

mostly minerals

26
Q

which layer does leaching occur

A

E

27
Q

which horizon collects material from previous horizons

A

B

28
Q

which layer is partially weathered bedrock

A

C

29
Q

which layer is unweathered bedrock

A

C

30
Q

which soil horizons make up the topsoil

A

O and A

31
Q

which soil horizons make up subsoil

A

E and B

32
Q

what horizons make the true soil

A

O, a, e , b

33
Q

The process that involves the physical or chemical breakdown of materials on earths surface

A

weathering

34
Q

The removal of surface material through the process of weathering

A

erosion

35
Q

what are small streams that flow into large rivers

A

tributaries

36
Q

land area that gathers water for major river is a

A

drainage basin

37
Q

a boundary that separates distinct drainage basins is called

A

drainage divide

38
Q

As water flows downhill under the influence of gravity, water erodes earths surface creating

A

channels

39
Q

what shape are young rivers due to fast movement

A

v-shaped

40
Q

rivers that are wide and gentle slopes and smooth

A

mature rivers

41
Q

when rivers flood and drop their load what is that land form called

A

flood plains

42
Q

fan shaped deposit at the mouth of a river

A

delta

43
Q

form where the mouth of a river enters dry land

A

alluvial fans

44
Q

what are the types of glaciers

A

continental

valley

45
Q

where can each be found glacier be found

A

continental large land areas

valley high mountainous regions

46
Q

where can continental glaciers be found

A

Greenland and Antartica

47
Q

what is a cirque

A

bowl shaped basins

48
Q

what is an Arete

A

form where two adjacent valley glaciers meet and erode a long sharp ridge line

49
Q

what is a horn

A

sharpened peaks

50
Q

what is a tributary glacier

A

small glaciers that feed into other glaciers

51
Q

what side does erosion occur on a dune

A

windward

52
Q

what side does deposition occur on a dune

A

leeward

53
Q

removal of small particles by wind leaving heavy particles

A

deflationo

54
Q

when small particles are removed what are the remaining particles

A

desert pavement

55
Q

what does the shape and sizes of land forms depend on due to wind

A

wind speed
amount of time the wind blows
sediment supply

56
Q

what are the three land forms created by wave erosion

A

sea arches sea stacks and coastal cliffs

57
Q

wave deposition example

A

sandbars

sand spits

58
Q

landforms that are parallel to the shore line

A

sand bars

59
Q

what is a sand spit

A

sandbars that curve out then back in

physical science (8 decks)

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