Ch.23 Vocab

Question 0

Liberalism

Answer 0

Political philosophy founded on basis of equality and liberty. Supports ideas such as free religion as civil rights. Appeared during Age of Enlightenment

Question 1

Congress of Vienna

Answer 1

Conference of ambassadors. Klemens Von Metternich was chairman. Goal was to balance power in Europe, mainly to lessen the power of France

Question 2

Nationalism

Answer 2

Political philosophy that promotes patriotism and national identity. Came to be in 18th century England when people began to identify with the country as a whole

Question 3

Romanticism

Answer 3

Artistic and literary movement originating in the 18th century. It’s purpose was to revolt classicism and aristocratic social norms. Placed emphasis on emotions in literature and art, especially with nature.

Question 4

Battle of Peterloo

Answer 4

Occurred in Manchester. Calvary charged into huge 60,000 people crowd. Crowd was demanding a reform on parliamentary representation

Question 5

Battle of Waterloo

Answer 5

Napoleon fought Duke of Wellington. DofW controlled Anglo-Dutch-German soldiers and defeated Napoleon. Napoleon was then exiled to St.Alba

Question 6

Great Famine

Answer 6

Potato famine in Ireland. Period of mass starvation when potato crop failed and potato blight occured. One million people died and many left the country

Question 7

Holy Alliance

Answer 7

Coalition including Russia, Austria, and Prussia. Created after Alexander I of Russia defeated Napoleon.

Question 8

Carlsbad Decrees

Answer 8

A set of restrictions set in German states. The decrees banned nationalist fraternities, removed liberal universities, and expanded the censorship on press

Question 9

Bourgeois

Answer 9

Member of middle class France. Known to be Materialistic and conservative. Can be seen as capitalist exploiting the working class to Marxism

Question 10

Proletariat

Answer 10

Term for the working class of wage-earners in capitalist society. In Marxism, proletarians’ means of production is their labour power

Question 11

Dual Revolution

Answer 11

Time period from 1789-1848. Political and ideological changes from French Revolution fused with tech and economic changes from Industrial Revolution. Spread enlightenment ideas such as nationalism and liberalism

Question 12

Laissez fare

Answer 12

Economic environment where parties are free from government restrictions with only regulations that protect basic property rights

Question 13

Corn Laws

Answer 13

Trade laws designed to protect producers in Britain and Ireland. Placed import duties making imported grains from other countries very expensive. Example of British mercantilism

Question 14

Reform Bill(or Act) of 1832

Answer 14

Act by English parliament that changed electoral system. Proposed by the Whigs, it gave new large cities more seats in the House of Commons, and increased number of voters by over 300,000, allowing 1 in 6 males to vote in a 14 million person population