CH22 FGT

Question 1

What’s the difference between a Bartholin cyst and a Gartner duct cyst?

Answer 1

Location, Bartholin in vulvar area, Gartner duct on lateral walls of the vagina

Question 2

What is DES? What’s it involved with?

Answer 2

Diethylstilbestrol
Development anomalies of the vagina
Clear cell carcinoma of the vagina

Question 3

What’s the most common malignant cancer of the vagina?

Answer 3

Carcinoma spreading from the cervix > primary SCC of the vagina

Question 4

What are the benign tumors of the vagina?

Answer 4

LSH
Leiomyomas
Stromal tumors (polyps)
Hemangiomas

Question 5

What do E6 and E7 affect?

Answer 5

E6 -> TERT and p53

E7 -> p21 and RB

Question 6

What are the TORCH infections?

Answer 6

T: Toxoplasmosis
O (other): syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, varicella, Hep B
R: Rubella (German measles)
C: Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
H: Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)

Question 7

What is Condyloma Acuminatum? What is it associated w/?

Answer 7

A genital wart in the vulvar area

HPV 6 & 11

Question 8

What is the most common cause of dysfunctional bleeding?

Answer 8

Anovulatory Cycle

Question 9

What does anovulatory mean?

Answer 9

Failure to ovulate

Question 10

What is absent besides ovulation in anovulatory cycle?

Answer 10

Pogesterone d/t no corpus luteum (because there’s no ovulation)

Question 11

What bugs cause acute endometritis?

Answer 11

Group A strep, Staph

Question 12

What are the genetics associated w/ Endometriosis?

Answer 12

PTEN and ARID1A

Question 13

What’s the specific genetic defect seen in Endometrial Hyperplasia?

Answer 13

PTEN inactivation

Question 14

What morphologic distinction is seen in Endometrial Hyperplasia?

Answer 14

Increased gland:stroma ratio

Question 15

What syndrome is PTEN associated w/? What is PTEN generally involved w/?

Answer 15

Cowdren syndrome

Endometrium pathology

Question 16

What is the most common invasive CA of the FGT?

Answer 16

Carcinoma of the endometrium

Question 17

What are the functional endometrail disorders?

Answer 17

Mayer-RKH Syndrome
Anovulatory cycle
Inadequate Luteal Phase

Question 18

What are the orgs in cervicitis vs endometritis?

Answer 18

Cervicitis: lactobacilli

Endometritis: Group A Strep, Staph

Question 19

What are the 3 dev anomalies of the vagina?

Answer 19

Septate (double) Vagina (mullerian duct)
Vaginal Adenosis
Gartner Duct Cyst (wolfian/mesonephric)

Question 20

What virus is LSIL and HSIL associated w/?

Answer 20

HPV-16

Question 21

Carcinoma of the endometrium has how many types?

Answer 21

2 types (T1 and T2)

Question 22

How does one distinguish polypoid growths of endothelial stromal adenosarcoma from endometrial polyps?

Answer 22

Adenosarcoma responds to estrogen! Endometrial polyps don’t

Question 23

What’s the most common tumor in women? Malignant or benign? What’s it consist of?

Answer 23

Leiomyomas (fibroids)

Benign

Smooth m

Question 24

What is MED12 associated w/?

Answer 24

Tumors of the myometrium (leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas)

Question 25

What are the different tumor groups of the Uterus and Endometrium?

Answer 25

Malignant Tumors of the Endometrium Tumors of Endometrial Stroma Tumors of the Myometrium

Question 26

What is the most common primary lesion of the fallopian tubes? Where do they arise from?

Answer 26

Paratubular cyst Mullerian duct remnants

Question 27

Cystic follicles of the ovaries are?

Answer 27

Very common

Question 28

What are the 3 types of ovarian components ovarian tumors can arise from?

Answer 28

``` Epithelium (and endometriosis) Germ cells (pluripotent) Stromal cells/Sex Cords ```

Question 29

What are the 3 main epithelial tumors of the ovary?

Answer 29

Serous Mucinous Endometroid

Question 30

What's the most common malignant ovarian tumor?

Answer 30

Serous carcinoma

Question 31

What are psammoma bodies associated w/?

Answer 31

Serous epithelial tumors of the ovary

Question 32

What are the 4 Germ Cell tumors of the ovary?

Answer 32

Teratomas Dysgerminomas Yolk Sac Tumors Choriocarcinomas

Question 33

What are the 3 categories of the ovarian germ cell teratomas?

Answer 33

Mature (benign) = Dermoid cysts Immature (malignant) Monodermal/highly specialized

Question 34

What can specialized teratomas cause?

Answer 34

Struma ovarii -> hyperthyroidism | Carcinoid -> carcinoid syndrome

Question 35

Which Germ Cell tumor involves a KIT mutation?

Answer 35

Dysgerminoma

Question 36

What's the most common malignant Germ Cell tumor?

Answer 36

Dysgerminoma

Question 37

What do Yolk Sac tumors produce?

Answer 37

Inc alpha-fetoprotein

Question 38

What are Schiller-Dural bodies associated w/?

Answer 38

Yolk-sac tumors

Question 39

What germ cell tumors are associated w/ chorionic gonadotropin release?

Answer 39

Choriocarcinomas

Question 40

Which Sex Cord tumor is associated w/ Call-Exner bodies? What does it elaborate?

Answer 40

Granulosa Cell tumor LOTS of estrogen and inhibin

Question 41

What's the most common malignant sex cord tumor?

Answer 41

Granulosa cell tumor

Question 42

What tumor is associated w/ Reinke crystalloids?

Answer 42

Sex Cord Hilus Cell Tumors

Question 43

Where do Kruckenberg tumors arise from? What's their signature morph?

Answer 43

GI carcinoma, invades bilaterally Mucin-producing signet-ring CA cells