ch.21 & 22 Renaissance

Question 1

Birth of Venus

Answer 1

• tempera on canvas
• Sandro Botticelli
• non-Christian
• influenced by Plato
• Aphrodite rising from the sea
• Zephyr winds personified at the left
• covers the pudenta (eroticism & Greek)
• contrapposto
• linear perspective

Question 2

Last Supper

Answer 2

• oil and tempera
• Leonardo da Vinci
• dry fresco
• sfumato - hazy background, perspective
• Santa Maria della Grazie (monastary)
• linear perspective
• symmetrical (6,groups of 3 old young middle)
• unlike before, Judas sits with others
• Judas holds silver
• Peter holds a knife
• John leans on Jesus
• triangle Jesus
• round pedement halo

Question 3

Madonna and Child with Two Angels

Answer 3

• tempera on wood
• Fra Filippo Lippi
• humanization of Mary and child
• very fine halo
• landscape (window or picture)
• atmospheric perspective (hazy)
• angels look mischevious
• Mary looks like Lippi’s lover

Question 4

Sistine Chapel (Ceiling)

Answer 4

• Vatican City, Italy
• fresco
• Michelangelo
• comissioned by popes Paul III and Julius II
• barrel vaulted
• ceiling shows the creation
• Christian and Greek (Sybils/Jews)
• biblical stories
• painted architecture
• framed by four ignudi
• muscular people
• men like women

Question 5

Last Judgement

Answer 5

• fresco
• self portrait on st. Bartholowmew’s skin
• left - hell, right - heaven
• matyrs and saints
• top center christ (power focus)
• unhumanely muscular
• damned man
• swirls, power, motion, DYNAMIC

Question 6

School of Athens (General)

Answer 6

• Fresco
• Raphael
• commissioned by Julius II
• Philosophy wall (four walls: Philosophy, Theology, Poetry and Justice)
• shows the popes knowledge
• painted in Stanza della Segnatura
• shows many philosophers (past and present)
• painted Classical architecture
• Classical achievement and humanism
• linear perspective (3 painted barrel vaults)
• originally a library

Question 7

School of Athens (Sides)

Answer 7

• Plato
   - theoretical, spiritual
   - points up
   - purple and red clothes (air and fire)
   - Michelangelo, music, harmony, arts
   - modelled after Leonardo da Vinci
   - Apollo
• Aristotle
   - science, logic, reason
   - points down
   - blue and brown clothes (water and earth)
   - Raphael, geometry, earth, Astrology
   - Athena