CH.2 Flashcards
The well-being of an EMT
The Well-being of an EMT includes
Maintaining solid personal relationships Exercise Sleep Eating right Limiting Alcohol and Caffeine intake Seeing your physician regularly and keeping up to date with vaccinations
How are diseases caused?
by Pathogens
What is a Pathogen
The organisms that causes infections such as viruses and bacteria
How can pathogens be spread
By air or by contact with blood, or any other bodily fluids
Blood borne pathogens can be contacted by exposure to
Patients blood or other fluids.
Air borne pathogens are spread through
Tiny droplet sprays during breathing, coughing or sneezing. These particles can be absorbed through your eyes or when you inhale
What are the equipment and procedures called which protects you and the patient form transferring fluids
Standard Precautions also known as Body substance isolation precautions or infection control
What is OSHA
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
What are the 4 communicable diseases we are particularly concerned about
Hep B, Hep C, Tuberculosis, and HIV/AIDS
What is Hepatitis
An infection that causes inflammation in the liver
What forms do Hepatitis come in
Hep A, B, C and other strains
How do you acquire Hepatitis A
Acquired primarily through food or water contaminated by stool (Doodoo)
What is the difference with acquiring Hep B
Hep B can be acquired through blood and bodily fluids like Hep C, but Hep B is known to live for many days in dried blood spills. Hep B is Deadly
What is Tuberculosis (TB)
An infection that sometimes settles in the lungs and in some cases, can be fatal
How is TB spread?
TB is highly contagious and can be spread through the air
What is AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)
It is a set of conditions that results when the immune system has been attacked by HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) and rendered unable to combat certain infections adequately
Why are HEP B, Hep C, TB and AIDS/ HIV the 4 most communicable greatest concerns?
They are all potentially life threatening
What is the Ryan White care act and Ryan White HIV/AIDS treatment extension act?
It was created by congress in 1990 to establish procedures by which emergency response may find out if they have been exposed to life-threatening infectious diseases while providing patient care
What is CDC
Center of Disease control and prevention
There are two different notification systems for infectious disease exposures
Airborne disease exposure and
Blood borne or other infectious disease exposure
The difference between the two exposures are how they are most likely detected
When the potential of being exposed to exhaled air of a person with suspected or confirmed TB, OSHA requires you to wear what?
NIOSH approved N-95 or HEPA respirators
What is stress
a state of physical and/or philological arousal to a stimulus (A thing or event)
Based on Dr. Hans SELYE (a Canadian physician) what are the stages of stress
First Stage: Alarm Reaction- your sympathetic nervous system increases its activity (Heart rate increases, pupils dilate and bronchial passage dilate
Second Stage: Stage of Resistance - In this stage your have learned to manage the stress and it no longer affects you
Third Stage: Exhaustion - You have not learned to adapt and overcome so you are so overwhelmed by the stress that you get sick.
Types of stress reactions
Acute- reactions to a large-scale disaster
Delayed- Most commonly known as PTSD can be triggered by a specific incident however the signs and symptoms may take longer to be observed
Cumulative- triggered from the results of a sustained recurring low level stressor
What are the two types of stress
Eustress- Positive form of stress that helps people work under pressure
Distress- Negative stress that can effect performance
Understand the reactions of Death and dying patients. What are the emotional stages a patient goes through
Denial Anger Bargaining Depression Acceptance
What is considered the most important concept of EMT training
Scene Safety
When dealing with Hazardous Material, what is the primary rule
Maintain a safe distance from the source
