CH.16 Halogenoalkanes

Question 1

Reactions for making halogenoalkanes

Answer 1

free-radicle substitution
electrophilic addition of an alkene with a halogen at room temperature
substitution of alcohol-
with HX (or with KX and H2SO4 or H3PO4 to make HX)
with PCl3 and heat
with PCl5 at room temperature
with SOCl2

Question 2

nucleophilic substitution

Answer 2

the mechanism of the organic reaction in which a nucleophile attacks a carbon atom carrying a partial positive charge.

Question 3

state condition and product :
when the reagent is- NaOH

Answer 3

condition- heat under reflux
product- alcohol
NaOH should be aqueous

Question 4

state condition and product :
when the reagent is- KCN

Answer 4

condition- heat under reflux
product- nitrile
KCN should be dissolved in ethanol

Question 5

state condition and product :
when the reagent is- NH3

Answer 5

condition- heat under pressure
product- amine
excess NH3 in ethanol

Question 6

state condition and product :
when the reagent is- H2O

Answer 6

condition- heat under reflux
product- alcohol

Question 7

elimination reaction of halogenoalkanes conditions

Answer 7

loss of a small molecule hydrogen halide
reagent- ethanolic sodium hydroxide (NaOH in ethanol)
heated with halogenolakane
product- alkene, water and hydrogen halide