Ch.15 Notes/HW questions

Question 1

Which is not a difference between the autonomic nervous system and the somatic nervous system?

Answer 1

the involvement of the spinal cord

Question 2

The two main neurotransmitters of the autonomic nervous system are:

Answer 2

Norepinephrine and acetylcholine

Question 3

Cholinergic receptors include:

Answer 3

nicotinic and muscarinic receptors

Question 4

Autonomic tone is regulated by the

Answer 4

hypothalamus

Question 5

Lists the components of an autonomic reflex arc in the proper sequence

Answer 5

receptor, sensory neuron, integrating center, motor neuron, and effector

Question 6

The effectors in somatic reflexes are____, while the effectors in autonomic reflexes are ______

Answer 6

skeletal muscles; smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands

Question 7

Which of the following regions of the brain serve as the major control and integration center of the ANS?

Answer 7

hypothalamus

Question 8

Which of the following statements describes a common response of an autonomic effector during the “fight or flight” response?

Answer 8

the pupils of the eyes dilate

Question 9

The sympathetic division of the ANS is called the thoracolumbar division because:

Answer 9

its preganglionic neurons cell bodies are located in the gray matter of the thoracic and lumbar segments of the spinal cord

Question 10

What is an effect of parasympathetic stimulation?

Answer 10

increased bile secretion

Question 11

Sympathetic motor pathway in order:

Answer 11

1. neuron exits lumbar segment of spinal cord
   2.neuron releases acetylcholine
   3.acetylcholine blinds to nicotinic receptors
   4.postganglionic neuron depolarizes
2. postganglionic neuron releases acetylcholine
3. Acetylcholine binds to sweat gland’s muscarinic receptor

Question 12

Which statement is false in reference to the autonomic ganglia?

Answer 12

the terminal ganglia lie near the bellies of skeletal muscles

Question 13

The sympathetic division will:

Answer 13

increase heart rate

Question 14

Which would be an example of a condition in the body not controlled by autonomic reflexes?

Answer 14

tracking a bird flying by

Question 15

During a fight or flight response all following blood vessels dilate, except?

Answer 15

smooth muscles of stomach

Question 16

A posthanglionic neuron in the ANS

Answer 16

releases neurotransmitter that binds to the effector cell

Question 17

Cholinergic neurons release _____ and adrenergic neurons release ___

Answer 17

ACh; NE

Question 18

In the muscular system, which portion of the nervous system stimulates contraction of skeletal muscles for movement?

Answer 18

somatic nervous system

Question 19

Why is the sympathetic division called the thoracolumbar division?

Answer 19

The preganglionic neurons have their cell bodies in the lateral horns of the gray matter in the 12 thoracic segments and the first two lumbar segments of the spinal cord

Question 20

Which of the two types of ganglia are closer to the spinal cord?

Answer 20

The sympathetic trunk ganglia

Question 21

What type of effectors are innervated in the sympathetic?

Answer 21

skin of the neck, trunk, and limbs, including sweat glands, smooth muscle in blood vessels, and arrector muscles of the hair

Question 22

Where is the CNS are the cell bodies of the preganglionic neurons?

Answer 22

They are located in brainstem nuclei and in the lateral gray matter in the second through fourth sacral segments of the spinal cord

Question 23

Why is the parasympathetic division call the craniosacral division?

Answer 23

They are in the four cranial nerves and second through fourth segments of the spinal cord

Question 24

What types of effectors are innervated in the parasympathetic?

Answer 24

gastric gland arterioles

Question 25

What are the 5 components of an autonomic reflex arc?

Answer 25

Sensory receptor, sensory neuron, integrating center, motor neuron, and effector

Question 26

What does the somatic nervous system respond to?

Answer 26

External stimuli and motor neurons innervate skeletal muscle

Question 27

What does the autonomic nervous system respond to?

Answer 27

internal stimuli and motor neurons innervate cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands