CH12.4 - Evolution

Question 1

genetic drift

Answer 1

changes in the gene pool due to chance

more pronounced in small populations

Question 2

founder effect

Answer 2

extreme case of genetic drift in which small population of species finds itself in reproductive isolation from other populations due to natural barriers, catastrophic events or other bottlenecks that darastically and suddently reduce size of population for breeding

Question 3

inbreeding encourages what

Answer 3

homozygosity which increases homozygous dominant and recessive genotypes causing a reduction in genetic diversity and potentially increased prevelance of certain traits and diseases

Question 4

genetic linkage

Answer 4

tendency for two genes near one another on the same chromsome not to sort independently – does not increase or decrease genetic diversity or fitness

Question 5

genetic leakage

Answer 5

flow of genes between species

Question 6

example of hybrid offspring

Answer 6

mule (male horse, female donkey) are sterile due to odd numbers of chromosomes and cannot undergo homologous pairing in meiosis and cannot form gametes

sometimes it works
beefale (cattle and bison) carries genes from both species which can transfer genes

Question 7

bottleneck in evolution

Answer 7

events that limit genetic variation

isolation