Ch.12

Question 1

ego Identity (Erikson)

Answer 1

individuals sense of who they are and what they stand for

Question 2

Psychological moratorium

Answer 2

adolescents experiment with different roles, values, beliefs, and relationship; undergo identity crisis

Question 3

identity crisis

Answer 3

a turning point in development during which people examine their values and make decisions about life roles

Question 4

identity statuses

Answer 4

Marcia, THE CHART

Question 5

Identity diffusion

Answer 5

least advanced status; adolescents have no commitments, nor trying to form them they might them become alienated and rebellious

Question 6

foreclosure

Answer 6

commitments are made without considering alternatives; made early in life; based on identification with parents, teachers, or religious leaders

Question 7

moratorium

Answer 7

actively exploring alternatives in an attempt to make a choice individuals are often anxious and intense

Question 8

identity achievement

Answer 8

alternatives are explored and firm commitments developed; have high self-esteem and self-acceptance

Question 9

what identity status are children before highschool

Answer 9

identity diffusion or foreclosure

Question 10

when is there a greater gain in identity formation

Answer 10

during college and university

Question 11

unexamined ethnic identity

Answer 11

similar to diffusion or foreclosure stage

Question 12

ethnic identity search

Answer 12

similar to moratorium; based on an incident that makes adolescent aware of their own ethnicity

Question 13

achieved ethnic identity

Answer 13

involves self-acceptance as a member of one’s ethnic group

Question 14

what time of people is self-identity more complex

Answer 14

non-dominant culture,

Question 15

self-concept

Answer 15

overall evaluation of self in terms of self-perceptions of abilities

Question 16

clique

Answer 16

5 to 10 individual who hang around together and share activities and confidences

Question 17

Crowd

Answer 17

larger groups who may or may not spend much time to gather and are identified as a

Question 18

three stages in the development of ethnic identity

Answer 18

1. unexamined ethnic identity
2. ethnic identity search
3. achieved ethnic identity

Question 19

when does self-esteem start declining

Answer 19

as a child progresses from middle childhood to age 12/13

Question 20

what are adolescents form authoritative homes like

Answer 20

show more competent behavior, are more self-reliant, do better in school, better mental health