Ch. 9 Flashcards
middle childhood: physical and cognitive development
middle childhood is what age
age 7-12
Sedentary Lifestyle
involves little physical movement and low energy use: sitting and watching television, using a computer
how much screen time per day for a child?
2 hours per day
when can children tie their shoes and hold pencils?
6-7, because of the myelination in the brain
causes of being overweight
heredity, environmental, family factors
ADHD
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
what are symptoms of ADHD
excessive inattention impulsivity, and hyperactivity, difficult regulating emotions.
symptoms must be evident in two or more settings.
Treatment and Outcome of ADHD
stimulants, like concerta and dexedrin are medications
causes of ADHD
brain chemical dopamine, cerebellum is smaller. or the lack of executive control of the brain over motor and more primitive functions
Dyslexia
is a reading disorder characterized by letter reversals, mirror reading, slow reading.
learning disabilities include
difficulties with math, writing, reading, or language and speech skills;
is dyslexia hereditary
yes
what contributes to dyslexia
circulation problems in the left hemisphere or the brain
concrete operational stage
around age 7 to 12, children show adult logic but focus on tangible objects rather than abstract ideas
Treatment for dyslexia
structured exercises accommodation
what do concrete operational children understand
class inclusion
Theory to Education (piaget)
- learning involves active discovery
- instruction should be geared to the child’s developmental level
- learning that takes into account perspectives of others is a key ingredient for development both cognitive and morality.
moral development
children judge that an act is right or wrong
Kohlberg’s theory of Moral Development
the Preconventional level
children bas moral judgment on the consequences of their behavior
the preconvention level stage 2
the preconventional level stage 1
is oriented towards being obedient and avoiding punishment
the conventional level
right and wrong are judged by conformality to conventional standards of right and wrong
the conventional level stage 3
the conventional level: stage 4
focuses on the fact that moral judgment are based on rules that maintain social order
the postconventional level
moral reasoning is based on a person’s own moral standards. we are faced with this all the time
Roots of Empathy: character
development of selective attention
the ability to screen out distractions occurs in middle childhood.
preoperational children- only one problem at a time can get solved
concrete children - can solve multiple problems at a time
short term memory
long term memory
names, dates, places
metacognition
children’s knowlegde and control of their
Intelligence
associate
achievement
invloces a childs acquired compet
The Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
Analytical intelligence, Creative intelligence, practical intelligence.
Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences
believed intelligence reflects more than academic ability; theory based on multiple intelligences; including verbal ability, logical- mathematical reasoning
spatial intelligences, musical etc.
Goleman’s Emotional Intelligence
emotional intelligence is the ability to understand a person’s own emotions and also those of others, to apply awareness to thinking and problem-solving
who do we measure intellectual development
Wechsler Intelligence Scale of Children
Wechsler Intelligence Scale of Children
suggests children’s strengths and weaknesses, as well as provides overall measures of intellectual functioning
