Ch.11: The Muscular System

Question 1

Directional Terms

Answer 1

Rectus : parallel to midline
Transverse: Perpendicular to the midline
Oblique: Diagonal to the midline

Question 2

Size: Relative size of the muscles

Answer 2

Maximus: Largest
Minimus: Smallest
Longus: Long
Brevis: Short
Latissimus: widest
Longissimus: longest
Magnus: large
Major: larger
Minor: smaller
Vastus: huge

Question 3

Shape: Relative shape of the muscle

Answer 3

Deltoid: triangular 
Trapezius: trapezoid
Serratus: saw-toothed
Rhomboid: diamond-shaped
Orbicularis: circular
Pectinate: comblike
Piriformis: pear-shaped
Platys: flat
Quadratus: square; four-sided
Gracilis: slender

Question 4

Action: Principal action of the muscle

Answer 4

Flexor: decreases joint angle
Extensor: increases joint angle
Abductor: moves bone away from midline
Adductor: moves bone closer to the midline
Levator: raises or elevates the body
Depressor: lowers or depresses body part
Supinator: turns palms anteriorly
Pronator: turns palms posteriorly
Sphincter: decreases size of an opening
Tensor: makes body part rigid
Rotator: rotates bone around longitudinal axis

Question 5

Number of Origins: Number of tendons of origin

Answer 5

Biceps: 2 origins
Triceps: 3 origins
Quadriceps: 4 origins