Ch.11 Portal venous sytem

Question 1

Function of Portal Venous system

Answer 1

carries blood and nutrients from the bowel and abdominal organs to liver for metabolism and detoxification

Question 2

Portal system includes

Answer 2

all veins that drain blood from spleen,pancreas,gallbladder and gastrointestinal tract.
EXCEPTION–lower rectum

Question 3

Blood is delivered to the liver by the

Answer 3

Portal vein

Question 4

abnormalities that affect other organs are often the reason for

Answer 4

Portal vein pathology

Question 5

Portal vein is formed by_______ and located _____

Answer 5

Splenic vein (SPV) and the super mesenteric vein (SMV)
-at the level of the 2nd lumbar vertebra directly posterior to neck of pancreas and anterior to IVC.

Question 6

Portal vein measurements

Answer 6

5-7cm long/mean length 8.3 cm
13mm diameter/mean diameter 11.6cm
1.45 mm mean diameter/preprandial
1.48mmm mean diameter/postpandrial

Question 7

Hilum

Answer 7

area of entrance and exit for vessels, ducts and nerves of the liver)

Question 8

Left portal vein is___

Answer 8

-longer and narrower than right branch.
-courses left,horizontally from main portal vein.
-BRANCHES INTO MEDIAL AND LATERAL DIVISIONS

Question 9

Splenic vein

Answer 9

courses laterally from spleen then medially, posterior to pancreas neck.

Question 10

Superior mesenteric vein

Answer 10

inferior to superior, drains large intestine via several smaller branches.

Question 11

Main portal vein

Answer 11

formed by SMV and splenic vein–posterior to neck of pancreas
-courses superiorly then divides into intrahepatic right and left branches.

Question 12

Smaller veins that drain into main portal vein

Answer 12

left/right gastric veins,pancreaticoduodenal veins and gastroepiploic veins

Question 13

right portal vein

Answer 13

courses right from main portal vein, branches into anterior and posterior divisions

Question 14

Portal veins terminate in the liver in

Answer 14

sinusoids (capillary-like vessels) that deliver blood to hepatic veins and in turn to IVC which transport blood to heart.

Question 15

Portal venous blood is filtered TWICE___

Answer 15

1st through capillaries of pancreas, spleen,gallbladder and gastrointestinal tract.Then flow through sinusoids(capillaries in liver)

Question 16

Has the only other portal vein system in the body

Answer 16

Pituitary gland

Question 17

Portal vein transports blood in a ___ pressure,high flow system

Answer 17

low.

Question 18

therefore Decrease in resistance results in

Answer 18

significant decrease in flow

Question 19

Portal vein serves as the body’s only mechanism for draining the entire gastrointestinal tract therefore–

Answer 19

decreases in flow have serious consequences.

Question 20

Intrahepatic

Answer 20

completely enclosed by liver tissue

Question 21

Portal triads

Answer 21

spread throughtout liver lobes and segments

Question 22

in transverse plane, original of portal vein or portal splenic confluence appears

Answer 22

as an oval or round structure where SPV and SMV unite.

Question 23

Bile ducts generally imaged as

Answer 23

small linear anechoic structures located anterior to axial right portal vein

Question 24

Is most difficult to image left renal vein in the

Answer 24

left lobe of the liver, unless abnormally large.

Question 25

in the fetus, the ductus venous is

Answer 25

open and bypasses the liver to carry oxygenated blood from left umbilical vein to IVC.

Question 26

In the adult, the ductus venous is

Answer 26

the obliterated ligaments venous and may reopen to supply collateral circulation when live is diseased.

Question 27

Produces far superior diagnosis than does B-mode imaging

Answer 27

evaluating portal veins with color copper and duplex doppler

Question 28

Most common reason for examination of the portal vein

Answer 28

Portal vein hypertension