CH.1 Before,during and after examination

Question 1

OSHA is designed to

Answer 1

protect healthcare workers

Question 2

Documentation Before exam

Answer 2

Ultrasound request form
-review form and ICD-10-CM
-Clinical history of pt-peruse pt medical chart inquire pt clinical symptoms.

Question 3

Indirect means of transmission

Answer 3

Touching contaminated sources and transferring to mouth, nose and eyes

Question 4

HBV (Hepatitis B) can survive on surfaces at room temp for a____

Answer 4

week

Question 5

Before assessment Most important items pt chart for sonographer to review are

Answer 5

Assessment notes, lab test results and reports from other imaging modalities (ex CT scans)

Question 6

Ultrasounds examinations should begin with a ___

Answer 6

longitudinal and axial survey of area of interest and adjacent structures

Question 7

Body structures are accurately identified on ultrasound by their

Answer 7

Location and landmarks NOT sonographic appearance .

Question 8

Acoustic enhancement

Answer 8

increased echo amplitude or posterior through transmission
bright posterior through transmission

Question 9

ALARA (As low as reasonably possible)

Answer 9

Always consider when scanning.Thermal and mechanical index.Top right side of display screen)

Question 10

Artifact

Answer 10

Unassociated with object being imaged.
EX.shadowing

Question 11

Ascites

Answer 11

Accumulation of fluid anywhere in abdominopelvic cavity.

Question 12

Calculi (stones)

Answer 12

mineral salts that may accompany some disease processes

Question 13

Complex mass

Answer 13

abnormal mass, composed of BOTH tissue and fluid

Question 14

Contralateral

Answer 14

situated or affecting opposite side
Ex.Ovaries are contralateral

Question 15

Cystic

Answer 15

Fluid collection in body that does NOT meat the criteria to be considered a true cyst.
Ex.Ascites said to be cystic in nature

Question 16

Diffuse disease

Answer 16

infiltrative disease throughout organ,disurpts normal appearance of organ parenchyma.

Question 17

Doppler effect

Answer 17

change in observed sound frequency caused by relative motion between source of the sound and observer
Used to detect blood flow through vessels.

Question 18

echogenic

Answer 18

capable of producing echoes
Ex.Body structures

Question 19

Echopenic

Answer 19

few echoes.Ex bile filled gallbladder

Question 20

focal/multifocal change

Answer 20

disease process confined to isolated areas of an organ

Question 21

focal zone

Answer 21

point where sound beam is narrowest and resolution is at its best

Question 22

Hyperechoic

Answer 22

brighter than surrounded areas
ex.pancreas compared to liver

Question 23

Hypoechoic

Answer 23

not as bright as surrounded areas
ex. kidney hypoechoic compared to liver

Question 24

interface

Answer 24

boundary between 2 materials or structures

EX–use bright appearance of dat interfaces to differentiate body structures from each other

Question 25

Intraperitoneal

Answer 25

enclosed in sac formed by parietal peritoneum
EX.Liver,gallbladder,spleen,stomach,majority of intestines and ovaries

Question 26

Ipsilateral

Answer 26

situated on or affecting same side
ex.spleen and kidney

Question 27

Isogenic/isoechoic

Answer 27

equal in echogenicity

Question 28

Localized disease

Answer 28

circumscribed mass or multiple masses.
solid, cystic or complex

Question 29

mesentery

Answer 29

double fold of peritoneum connects intraperitoneal organs to abdominal cavity

Question 30

Necrotic

Answer 30

degeneration or death

Question 31

neoplasm

Answer 31

new, abnormal growth of existing tissues, either benign or malignant.

Question 32

orthogonal

Answer 32

at right angles

Question 33

retroperitoneum

Answer 33

behind or posterior to the peritoneum
Pancreas,IVC,abdominal aorta, uterus,colon,adrenal glands,urinary system

Question 34

Reverberation

Answer 34

structure with acoustic impedance different from adjacent structure, which causes huge amount of reflection back to transducer.
EX.image of rib is repeated

Question 35

septations

Answer 35

-thin, membranous inclusions within a mass.
-single or multiple separations may be visualized in cystic or complex masses.

Question 36

solid mass

Answer 36

abnormal mass composed of JUST tissue.

Question 37

TGC(time gain compensation)

Answer 37

controls amplification of received echoes

Question 38

True cyst (simple cyst)

Answer 38

abnormal mass composed of fluid
-to qualify as true cyst it must: (1) anechoic,(2) defined, thin,smooth walls,(3) exhibits posteriorly through transmission

Question 39

Placenta

Answer 39

echo texture changes throughout pregnancy

Question 40

Muscle

Answer 40

hypoechoeic or less echogenic relative to organs/structures adjacent to it

Question 41

Tissue

Answer 41

homogenous, appear very bright compared with adjacent structures

Question 42

Deep breathing causes everything in diaphragm and everything below it to

Answer 42

move down

Question 43

When are Pathology images are documented?

Answer 43

AFTER the standard protocol images.include high and low gain images and size of abnormalities

Question 43

Deep exhalation

Answer 43

everything moves upward

Question 44

After examination

Answer 44

1.Complete exam worksheet
-pt medical history
-clinical symptoms
-lab results
-ultrasound findings
2.Include any reports from other imaging tests or procedures
3.written technical observation

Question 45

Abnormal findings should include

Answer 45

origin or location
number
size
composition (echo pattern)