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chem 130 > Ch11 > Flashcards

Ch11 Flashcards

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1
Q

solids behavior

A

locked in place and vibrate

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2
Q

what is special about water

A

it is more dense as liquid than solid

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3
Q

gas properties density shape volume and intermolecular forces

A

low density indefinite shape indefinite volume weak forces

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4
Q

liquid density shape vol intermolecular forces

A

high density indeterminate shape definite volume moderate bonds

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5
Q

solid density shape volume and intermolecular forces

A

high density definate shape and definate volume and strong intermolecular bonds

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6
Q

can liquids be compressed

A

no because they’re already compact together

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7
Q

crystalline solid

A

solid with patterns in long range repeating order

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8
Q

amorphous solid

A

random solid with no repeating order

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9
Q

what can change state of matter besides temperature

A

pressure

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10
Q

dispersion forces

A

occour because of instantaneous dipole moments because of functions in electron cloud of atoms and molecules

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11
Q

relationship between boiling point and molar mass

A

boiling point increases as molar mass increases

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12
Q

how do polar molecules compare to non polar molecules with boiling point

A

they have higher melting and boiling point

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13
Q

where can you find hydrogen bond

A

in polar molecules that contain H bond directly to F O N

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14
Q

what affect does hydrogen bond have on boiling and melting point

A

highly increases them

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15
Q

why do protons and electrons bond to eachother

A

potential energy decreases when they do

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16
Q

what are stronger intermolecular forces or bonding forces

A

bonding

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17
Q

what are bonding forces

A

large charges over small distanxes

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18
Q

what are intermolecular forces

A

small charges over large distance

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19
Q

relationship with dispersion force and molar mass

A

increases with molar mass

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20
Q

why does molar mass increasing affect disp force

A

larger particles have more things to stick to

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21
Q

dipole dipole bonds

A

an intermolecular force exhibited by polar molecules which results from uneven charge distribution

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22
Q

permanent dipole

A

seperation of charge where one end is slightly negative and the other is positive

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23
Q

miscability

A

ability for substances to mix without separating into two phases

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24
Q

can polar substances mix with nonpolar substances

A

nonpolar things mix with polar things non polar things mix with nonpolar things

25
Q

ion dipole force

A

intermediate force between ion and opposite charges end of polar molecule

26
Q

what is strongest intermolecular bond

A

ion dipole

27
Q

where do intermolecular bond forces happen

A

in empty space between atoms

28
Q

what is surface area

A

amount of energy required to increase surface area by unit amount

29
Q

surface tension

A

energy required to penetrate top layer of liquid

30
Q

viscosity

A

resistance of liquid to flow

31
Q

viscosity units

A

gs per cm s

32
Q

capillary action

A

ability for water to flow up against gravity

33
Q

what does concave meniscus mean

A

liquid more attracted to container

34
Q

what does convex meniscus mean

A

liquid more attracted to itself

35
Q

what is vaporization

A

transition from liquid to gas

36
Q

what is gas to liquid

A

condensation

37
Q

two reasons spilled water evaporates fast

A

less things holding it together and larger surface area

38
Q

meaning of volatile

A

vaporizes easily

39
Q

meaning of nonvolatile

A

doesn’t want to vaporize

40
Q

what increases rate of vaporization

A

temperature

41
Q

which molecules are the first to evaporate

A

the ones with most kinetic energy

42
Q

is vaporization or condensation exothermic

A

vapor exp condensation endo

43
Q

what is heat of vaporization

A

energy required to vaporize a mole of a liquid to a gas

44
Q

what is dynamic equilibrium

A

when rate of forward reaction equals backward reactiin

45
Q

what is vapor pressure correlated with

A

pressure, temp, surface area,and magnitude of intermolecular forces

46
Q

what is vapor pressure

A

the pressure of gas in dynamic equilibrium with its liquid

47
Q

boiling point

A

temperature that vapor pressure equals external pressure

48
Q

what is boiling point

A

temperature at which vapor pressure is 1atm

49
Q

claudia clapton equation

A

ln Pvap = -change in heat/ r * 1/T+lnB

50
Q

crit temp

A

temperature at which liquid cannot exist

51
Q

crit pressure

A

pressure to get liquid to unit temp

52
Q

supercritical liquids

A

characteristics of both liquid and gas and act as good solvent

53
Q

sublimation

A

molecules with too much thermal energy moving from solid to gas

54
Q

deposition

A

gas molecules colliding with solids and getting trapped by their intermolecular fields

55
Q

melting point

A

temp that solids have enough kin energy to become liquids

56
Q

melting/fusiin

A

going from solid to liquid

57
Q

heat fusiion

A

is heat required to melt a mop of solid

58
Q

phase diagram

A

for a given substances shows when it will be what form of matter

59
Q

triple point

A

3 states of mater are stable at equilibrium

chem 130 (20 decks)

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