Ch.10.7 Flashcards
We use our sense organs to _________________________________________________. However, sense organs cannot ______________________________________________. They are only responsible for ______________________________________________ and ______________________________________________.
detect stimuli in the environment, produce senses on their own, detecting the stimuli, sending signals to the brain
The brain acts as a ______________________:: it ______________________ and ______________________ the signals received from ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ and ______________________ ______________________.
coordinator, integrates, interprets, different sense organs, produces senses
What is the brain’s process of making a response? 1. 2. 3. 4.
- Sense organs detect stimuli and send signals to the brain through nerves
- The brain:
- integrates and interprets signals from sense organs
- produces senses decides on actions - The brain sends signals to muscles through nerves
- The muscles make a response
After __________________ are detected by the _______________________________________, it takes time for the brain to ______________________________________, _______________________________________ and then _______________________________________ to make a response. The time between ________________________________________________________ is the reaction time.
stimuli, sensory cells of the sense organs, receive signals from the sense organs, interpret the signals, send signals to the muscles, detecting a stimulus and making a response
Different people have _______________________ reaction times. Reaction times can be improved ______________________.
different, with practice
The human brain is a __________________ organ. It contains over ______ _____________ nerve cells. Nerve cells have _________________________________ that ____________________________________________. ____________________________________________ through these extensions.
complex, 10 billion, long extensions, connect to each other, Signals are sent from cell to cell
Name the three parts of the brain and their functions.
Cerebrum — integrates and interprets the signals from sense organs
—sends signals to the muscles to make responses
—responsible for intelligence, memory and thinking
Cerebellum — coordinates muscles to produce body movements
—maintains body balance
Medulla — controls basic life functions such as heartbeat, breathing and blood pressure
In what situation does is an illusion resulted in?
When our brain interprets signals incorrectly.
The coordination between our ______________________, our _________________ and our ____________________ is important. It allows us to __________________________ and ____________________________________________. However, some substances such as ___________________, ________________ and ______________________ can affect this coordination.
sense organs, brain, muscles, detect stimuli, make appropriate responses, alcohol, drugs, organic solvents
Abusing substances that affect our coordination has ____________________________ on our health and may even _____________________________.
harmful effects, lead to death
Name three drinks that include alcohol.
Beer, wine and spirits.
Even a small amount of alcohol can _______________________________________________________, therefore __________________________________________________________________.
affect the normal function of our brain, affecting our judgements and responses
Harmful effects of drinking alcohol:
- slows
- affects
- leads
- causes
- causes
- long
- drinking
- slows down our responses to stimuli (longer reaction time)
- affects our judgement and memory
- leads to blurred vision and unclear speech
- causes addiction
- causes difficulty with body coordination
- long term drinking can damage brain and liver
- drinking a large amount in a short time can lead to unconsciousness and even death
Drugs are _________________________________ that can __________________________________________________.
chemical substances, affect our body functions
Some drugs can be used for ___________________________________ when they are used properly. However, some people use drugs in an ________________ way for ________________________________. This is called ______________________.
treating diseases, incorrect, non-medical purposes, drug abuse
Drug abuse is __________________ to our health. Even a _____________________________ can affect the _____________________________ of the body. Give an example.
harmful, small amount of drugs, normal function of the body
abusing cough medicine instead of using it to suppress coughs can cause respiratory problems and brain damage
Some people even take ______________________ drugs. These chemical substances are _______________________________ to the body. They ____________________________________________ and may ____________________________.
illegal, extremely harmful, damage many organs, lead to death
Give six examples of illegal drugs.
Cocaine (coke), cannabis (weed), methylamphetamine (ice/ meth), heroin, MDMA (ecstasy), ketamine (K)
Harmful effects of drug abuse to our brain: - - - - -
addiction hallucination poor judgement and memory slow reaction sleep problems
Harmful effects of drug abuse to our vision:
-
blurred vision
Harmful effects of drug abuse to our skin:
-
sores
Harmful effects of drug abuse to our appetite:
-
loss of appetite can lead to malnutrition
Harmful effects of drug abuse to our organs:
-
permanent damage to heart, lungs, liver and kidneys
Harmful effects of drug abuse to our body coordination:
-
uncontrolled shaking of head and limbs
sharing needles may result in AIDS and other infectious diseases
-
frequent and painful urination
unable to control urination
Some people take drugs because they wrongly believe that taking drugs can _____________________________________________________, or because of __________________________. However, there is _______________________________________________________.
give them relief from boredom and stress, peer pressure, no excuse for anyone to take drugs
Drugs cannot help us __________________________ in life. Instead, taking drugs is ____________________ and often ____________________________________________________ and ________________________. If you are having any troubles or difficulties, _____________________________________________________________. They are all __________________________.
solve our problems, addictive, causes serious problems in our family, school, social life, talk to your parents, teachers or social workers, willing to help
Besides alcohol and drugs, some people also abuse __________________________ such as _________________ by _____________________________.
organic solvents, thinner, inhaling the vapour
Inhaling organic solvents is ____________________ and __________________________. When inhaled, the chemical in the solvents ____________________________________________________. When these chemicals reach the brain, they ________________________________________________.
addictive, very dangerous , enter the blood through the lungs and are quickly transported around the body, affect our senses and judgement
People who inhale organic solvents may become __________________ and ___________________, and ____________________________________________________. The chemicals may also _____________________________________________ including the __________________________ and ____________. The damage can be _________________ and may even __________________________.
excited, violets, may hurt themselves and others, damage many organs, brain, lungs, heart, permanent, lead to death
__________________________, __________________________ and ________________________________________ can affect our senses. They _______________________________ and may even __________________________.
Drinking alcohol, abusing drugs, inhaling organic solvents, cause harm to our bodies, lead to death
