ch1: understanding and evaluating scientific evidence

Question 1

types of reasearch studies

Answer 1

• case studies
• epidemiological studies
• experimental studies

Question 2

critical eval of nutrition supplement studies

Answer 2

• clear hypothesis
• model used (women vs men)
• generalization
• ext variables controlled
• placebo
• study design
• adequate techniques used
• study finding confirmed by others

Question 3

levels of evidence and grades of recommendation

Answer 3

GRADE 1 (level A; good)
- supported by good evidence, confidence in accuracy is high
GRADE II (level B; fair)
- supported by fair evidence, less-convincing results
GRADE III (level C; limited)
- supported by limited evidence
GRADE IV (level D; expert opinion only)
- includes rec madeby nutrition experts based on clinical exp)
ANCDOTAL
- personal accounts

Question 4

what is correlation

Answer 4

rel btw 2 variables, including strength of the rel

Question 5

what is causation

Answer 5

when a variable produces a particular effect

Question 6

what is extrapelation

Answer 6

takes facts known about one population and appllies them to another population