Ch.1 Introducing biology

Question 1

Definition of biology:

Biology is the scientific study of _________.

Answer 1

organisms (生物)

Question 2

Characteristics of organisms

• reproduction and g_____
• obtainment of f_____ (nutrition) and r_________
• dectection and response to s_________, and m_________
• e_________ to maintain a relatively constant internal environment

Answer 2

• reproduction (生殖) and growth (生長)
• obtainment of food (nutrition (營養)) and respiration (呼吸作用)
• detection and response to stimuli (刺激), and movement (運動)
• excretion (排泄) to maintain a relatively constant internal environment

Question 3

Studying biology helps us develop _________ of and _________ for organisms and the environment.

Answer 3

appreciation; respect

Question 4

Studying biology helps us develop the ability to _________ and _________ problems _________ly.

Answer 4

think; solve; scientifically

Question 5

Studying biology helps us better understand ______ issues, _________ issues and ______ issues.

Answer 5

health; environmental; social

Question 6

Scientific method usually involves a few basic steps:
Making ____________s → asking a _________ → proposing a _________ → making a _________ → _________ the hypothesis → drawing a _________

Answer 6

observations; question; hypothesis; prediction; testing; conclusion

Question 7

In scientific method,

• If the results match the prediction, the hypothesis is _________.
• If the results do not match the prediction, the hypothesis is _________. Scientists may need to propose a revised or new hypothesis for testing again.

Answer 7

supported; falsified (or rejected)

Question 8

Independent variable

Answer 8

The factor to be purposely changed.

Question 9

Dependent variable

Answer 9

The factor that may change with the independent variable; it is the factor to be measured.

Question 10

Controlled variable

Answer 10

The factor that is kept the same.

Question 11

9. Understanding the _________ ____ _________ (what science is and how science works) is important for learning biology.

Answer 11

nature of science