Ch.1 Intro to Pathophysiology

Question 1

A study of the changes in anatomy (structure) that occur in organs, tissues and cells because of injury or disease.

Answer 1

Pathology

Question 2

A study of the changes in functions of organs, systems, or the body. It explains the processes that result in the development of the disease, signs and symptoms.

Answer 2

Pathophysiology

Question 3

A dysfunctional change in the ability of cells / tissues / organ systems.

Answer 3

Disease

Question 4

Characteristic combination of signs and symptoms associated with a particular state.

Answer 4

Syndrome

Question 5

Physical, mental, and well-being

Answer 5

Health

Question 6

A state of suffering or distress

Answer 6

Illness

Question 7

Values occur within a range of values and may vary depending on technology used for measurement

Answer 7

“Normal”

Question 8

Health indicators adjustments due to:

Answer 8

🔹age
🔹gender
🔹 genetic 
🔹 environment 
🔹 activity level

Question 9

Sequence of events in the response of cells and tissue to a stimulus/pathogen starting from the initial stimulus to the ultimate expression of disease

Answer 9

Pathogenesis

Question 10

Pathogeneses comprised of:

Answer 10

1. Risk factor
2. Precipitating factor
3. Ethology
4. Mechanism, progression, and resolution of disease

Question 11

Risk factors include both:

Answer 11

Modifiable and non-modifiable

Question 12

________ are triggers that promote the manifestations (sign and symptoms) of the disease.

Answer 12

Precipitating Factors

Question 13

Examples of precipitating factors are:

Answer 13

▪️dust, animals as allergens
▪️smoking for asthmatic
▪️stress for those with CV
▪️poor nutrition for diabetes

Question 14

____ is cause of disease

Answer 14

Etiology

Question 15

_____ causes : due to inside factors

Answer 15

Intrinsic causes

I.e. congenital defects, genetic disorders, immune dysfunction

Question 16

_______ causes: due to outside factors

Answer 16

Extrinsic causes

I.e. Trauma, burns, radiation, poisons, alcohols, bacteria, viruses, worms, insects, nutritional excess or deficit

Question 17

Initial damage that produces effects on the body

Answer 17

Onset of a disease

Question 18

typically a sudden onset that lasts a short period of time, followed by full resolution

Answer 18

Acute diseases

Question 19

Typically a gradual (insidious) onset where a signs are vague or mild. (ex. Hepatitis)

     🔘typically accompanied by periods of 
          remission and exacerbation

Answer 19

Chronic diseases

Question 20

Analysis of signs and symptoms coupled with a consideration of the pathogeneses leading to the identification of the patient’s disease

Answer 20

Diagnosis

Question 21

Defines the probability of recovery

Answer 21

Prognosis

Question 22

Probability for a reduced quality of life

Answer 22

Morbidity

Question 23

Probability of death

Answer 23

Mortality

Question 24

The study of disease in population

Answer 24

Epidemiology

Question 25

Probability that a disease will occur (ex. 1 in 5)

Answer 25

Incidence

Question 26

Number of percentage of a population with a disease (ex. 500,000 or 20%)

Answer 26

Prevalence

Question 27

a stable incidence and prevalence within a given population

Answer 27

Endemic

Question 28

A large rise in incidence or prevalence w/n a given population

Answer 28

Epidemic

Question 29

A spread of an epidemic across continents

Answer 29

Pandemic