CH1 ANESTHESIA MACHINE AND EQUIPMENTS Flashcards
The control of mechanism of standard anesthesia ventilators is accomplished by
Compressed oxygen
full N20
psi:ml?
750 psi:1590 ml
How much should be consumed before n20 dec its psi?
three fourth of N20
DESFLURANE
vapor pressure?
665mmHg
what are the Test for low pressure part of the machine?
positive pressure test
this valve permit unidirectional flow of gases
CHECK VALVES
another term for pop off valve
adjustable pressure limiting valve
pressure sensor shut off valve
discontinue the flow of N2O
of the O2 below psi
FAIL SAFE VALVE
ratio 3:1
fixed mass of gas at constant temperature, the product of pressure and volume contact
BOYLE’s LAW
estimate the vol of gas remaining in a compressed gas cylinder by measuring the pressure within the cylinder
oxygen ?
psi:ml
2000 psi:625 ml
color of gases
o2 - green
n2o blue
air -yellow
BOBBIN not rotating ?
NO FLOW of O2
O2 and N2:
enters the anesthesia machine from a central supply source as (pressure)
N20?O2?
then pass true
first stage pressure regulator : ___psi
second stage of pressure: ___ psi
N20: 750 psi
O2: 2200 psi
then pass true
first stage pressure regulator : 45psi
second stage of pressure: 14 to 16 psi
NIOSH: N2O
highest trace of conc at the OR should be < _____ppm , In dental permit up to ____ppm
<25 -OR
<50 dental
identical saturated vapor pressure can be used interchangeably?
true or false
true
which volatile can be interchangeable
HI
HALOTHANE 243
ISOFLURANE 250
SEEN
SEVOFLURANE 160
ENFLURANE 178
occurs when gas flows through a region of severe constriction
TURBULENT FLOW
occurs when gas flows ws down parallel aided tube at a rate less than critical velocity
LAMINAR FLOW
Turbulent flow is directly proportional to
density of the gas
helium decrease the density
relationship between intra-alveolar pressure surface tensiin and radius of the alveoli is described by what law?
Laplace’s Law
states that the surface tension of the sphere is directly proportional to the radius of the sphere and pressure within the sphere
LAPLACE LAWS
flow of the oxygen is selected on a separate flowmeter to pass into the vaporizing chamber from which the anes vapor emerges at its saturated vapor pressure
measured flow vaporizer
total gas flow is split between a variable by pass and the vaporizer chamber containing the anesthetic agent
VARIABLE BY PSS VAPORIZER
in variable by pass vaporizer the ratio of these 2 flows is called the ?
SPLITTING RATIO
depends on the anes agent, the temperature, vapor conc and the saturated vapor pressure of the anesthetic
Factors that are involved in the production of C0 and formation of carboxyhemoglobin
specific volatile used DEIS=H high conc of volatile high temp low fresh gas flow dry soda lime
C0 production does not produce with what soda sorb?
Ca chlorode and CaOH
NIOSH Rregukation
highest conc of volatile anesthetics allowed in the OR in conjunction with N2O
0.5ppm
device on anesthesia machine that most reliably detects delivery of hypoxic gas mixture
O2 analyzer
most common complication of direct laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation ?
Dental trauma
most common complication while the et is in place
endobronchial intubation
gas leaving the compressed gas cylinder enters the anesthesia machine through a pressure regulator that reduces the pressure to
45-55 psi
laser and what filter
CO2 laser:clear plastic lenses
argon krypton laser:amber orange filte
Nd:YAG - green tinted
pitaddium titanyl : red
prevent incorrect connections of medical gas lines
DISS
the pressure drops across an obstruction narrowing or stenosis
modified Bernoullis equation
pulse oximeter measure the alternating current component of light absorbance at each of two wavelengths?
660nm and 940nm
has a greatest effect on SaO2 measurement bec the extinction coefficient is so similar to that of oxyhemoglobin
Methylene blue
Rotameters
thorpe tube rate of gas depends on: pressure resistance to gas floe physical property of gas
cannot be INTERCHANGEABLY
at high altitudes , the flow of gas through a will be
greater than expected at high flow
but accurate at low flow
gas density ___ with increasing altitude
decreases
Pacemaker
1st letter : paced 2nd letter : sensed 3rd lette: response to sensing 4th letter: programmability or rare modulation 5th letter multisite pacing
EFFECTS ON SSEP?
VOLATILE?
__ amplitude
__ latency
VOLATILE:
DECREASE amplitude
INCREASElatency
EFFECTS ON SSEP?
PROPOFOL?
__ amplitude
__ latency
DEC BOTH
EFFECTS ON SSEP?
ETOMIDATE
__ amplitude
__ latency
INCREASED BOTH
EFFECTS ON SSEP?
MIDAZOLAM?
__ amplitude
__ latency
decrease amplitude
little effect on latency
EFFECTS ON SSEP?
OPIOIDS
__ amplitude
__ latency
dec amplitude
inc latency
EFFECTS ON SSEP?
NMB?
__ amplitude
__ latency
NO EFFECT
higher pressure circuit
gass supply from pipeline and tank and piping pressure gauges pressure reduction regulators check valves oxygen pressure sensor shutoff valves
LOW PRESSURE CIRCUIT
gas flow control valves
flow meters
vaporizer
vaporizer check valves
CENTRAL TEMPerature
pulmonary artery distal esophagus axilla nasopharynx tympanitic membrane
which laser light penetrates tissue. the most?
Nd:YAg
HELIOC HAS a ____density than nitrogen
lower
maximun F-iO2 that can be delivered by a nasal cannula is
0.45 FiO2
6L/min
What color of nail
polish would have the GREATEST effect on the accuracy of the dual wave length pulse oximeter?
BLUE
The minimum macroshock current required to elicit ventricular fibrillation
100mA
Maximum leakage of electric current allowed through electrodes or catheters in contact with the heart at what microA?
10
E comprrssed gas cylinder of air contains?
2000psi: 625 L
the most freq cause of mechanical failure of the anesthesia delivery system to deliver adequate O2 to the patient is
disconnection of the O2 supply system from the patient
Difference between ETCo2 and PaCO2 ?
secondary to?
5-10mmhg
Alveolar dead space
intermediate pressure circuit
pipeline pressure
50-55psi
then go to second stage regulator
oxygen flush valve by pass the low pressure circuit
PISS NUMBER air o2 n2o co2
air ( 1,5)
o2 ( 2,5)
n2o (3,5)
co2 (1,6)
Sevo + sodalime
NaOH and KOH
Compound A
neohrotoxic
difference between soda lime and cal hydroxide
absorptive capacity
CaOH- 10.2L CO2 / 100g
soda lime 26L of CO2/ 100g
ARTERIAL LINE
UNDERDAMPED
exaggerated reading
wide pulse
ARTERIAL LINE
OVERDAMPED
readings are diminished
narrow pulsed
MEDICAL GAS CYLINDER COLLR CODED BASED ON UNITED STATES ?
AIR CO2 helium nitrogen n2o oxygen
AIR. yellow CO2. gray helium. brown nitrogen black n2o blue oxygen. green
MEDICAL GAS CYLINDER COLLR CODED BASED ON INTERNATIONAL?
AIR CO2 helium nitrogen n2o oxygen
AIR. white black CO2. gray helium. brown nitrogen black n2o blue oxygen. white
MAPLESON CIRCUIT:
no reservior bag
no apl bag
MAPLESON E
E-EMPTY wala lahat
Arye’s Tpiece
MAPLESON CIRCUIT:
no apl valve
with resevior bag
MAPLESON F
MAPLESON CIRCUIT:
corrugated tubing
MAPLESON C
naCUT Ang tubing
MAPLESON CIRCUIT:
the only circuit that FGF is AWAY from the patient
MAPLESON A
AWay fromt the patient
MAPLESON CIRCUIT:
efficiency for Controlled?
D
DFE>BC> A
MAPLESON CIRCUIT:
efficiency for SPONTANEOUS ?
A
A>DFE> CB
MAPLESON CIRCUIT:
efficient for spontaneous and controlled for pediatrics
F
jackson ree’s
MAPLESON CIRCUIT:
efficient for spontaneous and controlled for pediatrics
F
jackson ree’s
MAPLESON CIRCUIT:
APL near the bag
MAPLESON D
MAPLESON CIRCUIT:
APL near the bag
MAPLESON D
