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CH MORPHOLOGY OF FLOWERING PLANT Flashcards

1
Q

Roots are ——– geotropic and ———- phototrophic

A

Positively geotropic and negatively phototrophic

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2
Q

What are the three different types of root system

A
  1. Tap root system
  2. Fibrous root system
  3. Adventitious root system
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3
Q

The roots of fibrous roots system originate from

A

the base of the stem

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4
Q

What are the different regions of the root

A
  1. Root Cap
  2. Region of meristematic activity
  3. Region of Elongation
  4. Region of Maturation
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5
Q

______ root elongates from the radicle and occurs in ______ root system

A

Primary root elongates from radicle and this occurs in tap root system

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6
Q

Respiratory roots are also k/a

A

Pneumatophores

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7
Q

What is a stem

A

The ascending part of the plant that bears branches, leaves, fruits and flowers

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8
Q

What is a node and an internode

A

Node is a region bearing leaves, present at regular interval of stem
Internode is the part of stem present between two nodes

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9
Q

Terminal bud is also k/a

A

Apical Bud

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10
Q

What are the two different types of bud

A
  1. Terminal Bud
  2. Axillary bud
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11
Q

What are the different modification of stems

A
  1. UNDERGROUND STEM
  2. STEM TENDRILS
  3. THORN
  4. SUB AERIAL WEAK STEM
  5. AERIAL STEM
  6. CLADODE
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12
Q

Scientific name of Banyan tree

A

Ficus Benghalensis

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13
Q

What is a bud

A

A young, immature, under developed, compact shoot

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14
Q

What are the different kinds of underground stem

A

Rhizome, Tuber, Corm, Bulb,

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15
Q

In which underground stem, the stem is reduced and disc shaped

A

Bulb - Onion and Garlic

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16
Q

What is the difference between RHIZOME and CORM

A

RHIZOME grows parallel or horizontal to the soil surface and CORM grows vertically beneath the soil surface

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17
Q

What are the different types of sub-aerial Weak stem

A
  1. Offsets
  2. Sucker
  3. Runner
  4. Stolon
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18
Q

Stem tendril is a modification of

A

axillary bud

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19
Q

What is the function of thorn

A

Thorns are protective in function

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20
Q

Which plant is also k/a Terror of Bengal

A

Eichhornia

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21
Q

What are stem tendrils

A

Spirally coiled, sensitive structures that provide support to weak plants are called stem tendrils

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22
Q

In chrysanthemum, the lateral branches originate from

A

The basal and underground portion of the main stem

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23
Q

What is cladode

A

the stem is modified into leaf like structure for photosynthesis while leaf is reduced to scales or spines

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24
Q

What is a stolon?

A

Stolon is a lateral branch that arises from the base of the main axis and after growing aerially for some time arches downwards to touch the ground

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25
What are the different parts of a typical leaf
1. Leaf base - hypopodium 2. Petiole - mesopodium 3. Lamina or leaf blade - epipodium
26
What is venation
the arrangement of veins and veinlets in the lamina or leaf blade
27
What are stipules
The leaf base may bear two lateral small leaf like structure k/a Stipule
28
What is pulvinus
In some leguminous plant, the leaf base swells and is called pulvinus
29
the prominent vein present in the middle of the leaf blade is called as
Midrib
30
what are the different kinds of venation
Parallel= Monocot Reticulate =Dicot
31
What are the different kind of leaf
1. Compound leaf -Pinnately -Palmately 2. Simple Leaf
32
What are the different kinds of phyllotaxy
1. Alternate 2. Opposite 3. Whorled
33
What is petiole
The cylindrical stalk that joins the leaf base and leaf blade is k/a Petiole
34
What is the defining feature of Pinnately Compound leaf
In pinnately compound leaf, the midrib forms a common axis which is known as Rachis
35
What are the different modification of leaves
1. Leaf Tendril 2. Leaf Spines 3. Storage organ 4. Insectivorous plant 5. Phyllodes
36
What is phyllode
The petiole is modified to form flat, green colored leaf like structure that perform photosynthesis and leaves are small and short lived , these are k/a phyllodes
37
_______ is used to trap insects
Pitcher
38
What is inflorescence?
The arrangement of flowers on the floral axis is called Inflorescence
39
what are the types of inflorescence
1. Racemose 2. Cymose
40
Which Inflorescence shows Unlimited growth
Racemose
41
What is the difference between Phylloclade and Cladode
Both Phylloclade and Cladode are modified stem that perform photosynthesis but phylloclade has unlimited growth i.e. it has many internodes present on the other hand cladode has a single internode present
42
What is acropetal succession
When younger flowers arise towards the apex and older flowers are present towards the base
43
What is Basipetal succession
Younger flowers are present at the base and older ones at the apex
44
What are the four whorls present in a flower
Calyx, corolla, androecium, gynoecium
45
When calyx and corolla are not distinct then they are termed as ____ and its members are called as _____-
1. Perianth 2. Tepals
46
What are bracts
Reduced leaf like structure found at the base of pedicle
47
What are the different types of symmetry in Flower
1. Actinomorphic 2. Zygomorphic 3. Asymmetric
48
Depending on the position of the Calyx, corolla, and androecium with respect to gynoecium on the thalamus , the flower can be
1. Hypogynous 2. Perigynous 3. Epigynous
49
What is Thalamus
The swollen end of the pedicel or stalk
50
What is a epigynous flower
When the other parts of the flower are present above the ovary i.e. Inferior ovary is there, it is k/a Epigynous
51
The male reproductive system is composed of
Stamen
52
A sterile stamen is called
Staminode
53
What is epipetalous
When a stamen is attached to the petals then it is called as epipetalous
54
When stamen is fused with Perianth then it is said to be
Epiphyllous
55
What are Parthenocarpic Fruits
Fruits Formed without fertilisation are k/a Parthenocarpic fruits
56
What is the difference between Adhesion and Cohesion of stamen
When the stamen is attached to the different parts of the flower like petals or perianth it is called ADHESHION OF STAMEN When stamen is attached to itself it is k/a Cohesion
57
When stamens are free they are k/a
Polyandrous
58
When stamens are united in ______ bundle then it is called as ______
1. Single bundle - monoadelphous 2. Two bundles - Diadelphous 3. more than two bundles - polyadelphous
59
What are the different parts of the carpel
1. Ovary 2. Style 3. Stigma
60
What is placenta? Define Placentation
The ovary bears ovules on a cushion like structure which is k/a Placenta. The arrangement of ovules on the placenta is k/a Placentation
61
What is the difference between apocarpous and syncarpous
When the carpels are free theb it is said to be APOCARPOUS When the carpel are fused with one another then it is said to be SYNCARPOUS
62
The ovary has chambers which are k/a
Loculi
63
The ovary containing one chamber is k/a ______, two chambers is k/a _____, and three chambers is k/a ______
1. Unilocular 2. Bilocular 3. Trilocular
64
What are the different kinds of placentation
1. Marginal 2. Axile 3. Parietal 4. Free Central 5. Basal
65
After fertilisation _______ develops into seeds and ________ matures into ________
Ovule develops into seeds and ovary mature into fruit
66
A fruit consists of _____ parts namely
It consists of two parts they are - 1. Fruit wall or Pericarp 2. Seeds
67
The Fruit wall differentiates into three parts
1. Epicarp 2. Mesocarp 3. Endocarp
68
The fruits that develop from ovary are called as
True Fruit
69
What are the different types of Fruit
1. Simple Fruit 2. Aggregate Fruits 3. Multiple or Composite fruit
70
What is a false fruit? False Fruit is also k/a
If any other part apart from vary takes part in the formation of fruit it is called as False Fruit. It is also k/a Pseudocarp
71
The scientific name of Coconut is k/a
Cocos nucifera
72
Fruits developing from entire inflorescence is k/a
Composite or multiple fruit
73
What is an Aggregate Fruit
Fruits developing from Polycarpelary, apocarpous ovary are k/a Aggregate Fruit
74
The edible part of the mango is
Mesocarp
75
What are the different types of Simple Fruits
1. Dry Indehiscent Fruit 2. Dry Dehiscent Fruit 3. Fleshy or succulent Fruit
76
What are Dehiscent Fruits
Fruits that burst open automatically and discharge their seed
77
What are the main components of a dicotyledonous seed
1. Seed Coat 2. Embryo 3. Endosperm
78
What is a perispermic seed
In most seeds the nuclleus is absorbed by the endosperm and embryo after fertilization but in some seeds nuclleus remains persistant even after fertilization, these seeds are called as perispermic seeds
79
At the two ends of the embryonal axis, ____ and ______ are present
Radicle and plumule are present
80
In monocotyledon, the plumule and radicle are enclosed in a sheath which is k/a
Coleoptile and Coleorrhiza
81
The seed coat has two layers
1. Outer - Testa 2. Inner - Tegmen
82
What is hilum
Hilum is a scar on the seed coat through which the developing seed was attached to the fruit
83
What is micropyle
A small pore present above the hilum is k/a Micropyle
84
What is the ploidy of Aleurone layer
3n
85
What is aleurone layer
The outer covering of the endosperm separates the embryo by a proteinaceous layer called a the aleurone layer
86
The shield shaped cotyledon in monocots is k/a
Scutellum
87
Fabaceae family was earlier k/a
Papilionoideae
88
Which family has vexillary aestivation
Fabaceae
89
Eg of Bracteate family
Liliaceae
90
Which family has Zygomorphic symmetry
Fabaceae
91

Botany NEET (9 decks)

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