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Botany NEET > CH MORPHOLOGY OF FLOWERING PLANT > Flashcards

CH MORPHOLOGY OF FLOWERING PLANT Flashcards

1
Q

Roots are ——– geotropic and ———- phototrophic

A

Positively geotropic and negatively phototrophic

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2
Q

What are the three different types of root system

A
  1. Tap root system
  2. Fibrous root system
  3. Adventitious root system
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3
Q

The roots of fibrous roots system originate from

A

the base of the stem

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4
Q

What are the different regions of the root

A
  1. Root Cap
  2. Region of meristematic activity
  3. Region of Elongation
  4. Region of Maturation
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5
Q

______ root elongates from the radicle and occurs in ______ root system

A

Primary root elongates from radicle and this occurs in tap root system

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6
Q

Respiratory roots are also k/a

A

Pneumatophores

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7
Q

What is a stem

A

The ascending part of the plant that bears branches, leaves, fruits and flowers

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8
Q

What is a node and an internode

A

Node is a region bearing leaves, present at regular interval of stem
Internode is the part of stem present between two nodes

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9
Q

Terminal bud is also k/a

A

Apical Bud

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10
Q

What are the two different types of bud

A
  1. Terminal Bud
  2. Axillary bud
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11
Q

What are the different modification of stems

A
  1. UNDERGROUND STEM
  2. STEM TENDRILS
  3. THORN
  4. SUB AERIAL WEAK STEM
  5. AERIAL STEM
  6. CLADODE
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12
Q

Scientific name of Banyan tree

A

Ficus Benghalensis

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13
Q

What is a bud

A

A young, immature, under developed, compact shoot

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14
Q

What are the different kinds of underground stem

A

Rhizome, Tuber, Corm, Bulb,

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15
Q

In which underground stem, the stem is reduced and disc shaped

A

Bulb - Onion and Garlic

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16
Q

What is the difference between RHIZOME and CORM

A

RHIZOME grows parallel or horizontal to the soil surface and CORM grows vertically beneath the soil surface

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17
Q

What are the different types of sub-aerial Weak stem

A
  1. Offsets
  2. Sucker
  3. Runner
  4. Stolon
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18
Q

Stem tendril is a modification of

A

axillary bud

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19
Q

What is the function of thorn

A

Thorns are protective in function

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20
Q

Which plant is also k/a Terror of Bengal

A

Eichhornia

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21
Q

What are stem tendrils

A

Spirally coiled, sensitive structures that provide support to weak plants are called stem tendrils

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22
Q

In chrysanthemum, the lateral branches originate from

A

The basal and underground portion of the main stem

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23
Q

What is cladode

A

the stem is modified into leaf like structure for photosynthesis while leaf is reduced to scales or spines

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24
Q

What is a stolon?

A

Stolon is a lateral branch that arises from the base of the main axis and after growing aerially for some time arches downwards to touch the ground

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25
Q

What are the different parts of a typical leaf

A
  1. Leaf base - hypopodium
  2. Petiole - mesopodium
  3. Lamina or leaf blade - epipodium
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26
Q

What is venation

A

the arrangement of veins and veinlets in the lamina or leaf blade

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27
Q

What are stipules

A

The leaf base may bear two lateral small leaf like structure k/a Stipule

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28
Q

What is pulvinus

A

In some leguminous plant, the leaf base swells and is called pulvinus

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29
Q

the prominent vein present in the middle of the leaf blade is called as

A

Midrib

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30
Q

what are the different kinds of venation

A

Parallel= Monocot
Reticulate =Dicot

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31
Q

What are the different kind of leaf

A
  1. Compound leaf
    -Pinnately
    -Palmately
  2. Simple Leaf
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32
Q

What are the different kinds of phyllotaxy

A
  1. Alternate
  2. Opposite
  3. Whorled
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33
Q

What is petiole

A

The cylindrical stalk that joins the leaf base and leaf blade is k/a Petiole

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34
Q

What is the defining feature of Pinnately Compound leaf

A

In pinnately compound leaf, the midrib forms a common axis which is known as Rachis

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35
Q

What are the different modification of leaves

A
  1. Leaf Tendril
  2. Leaf Spines
  3. Storage organ
  4. Insectivorous plant
  5. Phyllodes
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36
Q

What is phyllode

A

The petiole is modified to form flat, green colored leaf like structure that perform photosynthesis and leaves are small and short lived , these are k/a phyllodes

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37
Q

_______ is used to trap insects

A

Pitcher

38
Q

What is inflorescence?

A

The arrangement of flowers on the floral axis is called Inflorescence

39
Q

what are the types of inflorescence

A
  1. Racemose
  2. Cymose
40
Q

Which Inflorescence shows Unlimited growth

A

Racemose

41
Q

What is the difference between Phylloclade and Cladode

A

Both Phylloclade and Cladode are modified stem that perform photosynthesis but phylloclade has unlimited growth i.e. it has many internodes present on the other hand cladode has a single internode present

42
Q

What is acropetal succession

A

When younger flowers arise towards the apex and older flowers are present towards the base

43
Q

What is Basipetal succession

A

Younger flowers are present at the base and older ones at the apex

44
Q

What are the four whorls present in a flower

A

Calyx, corolla, androecium, gynoecium

45
Q

When calyx and corolla are not distinct then they are termed as ____ and its members are called as _____-

A
  1. Perianth
  2. Tepals
46
Q

What are bracts

A

Reduced leaf like structure found at the base of pedicle

47
Q

What are the different types of symmetry in Flower

A
  1. Actinomorphic
  2. Zygomorphic
  3. Asymmetric
48
Q

Depending on the position of the Calyx, corolla, and androecium with respect to gynoecium on the thalamus , the flower can be

A
  1. Hypogynous
  2. Perigynous
  3. Epigynous
49
Q

What is Thalamus

A

The swollen end of the pedicel or stalk

50
Q

What is a epigynous flower

A

When the other parts of the flower are present above the ovary i.e. Inferior ovary is there, it is k/a Epigynous

51
Q

The male reproductive system is composed of

A

Stamen

52
Q

A sterile stamen is called

A

Staminode

53
Q

What is epipetalous

A

When a stamen is attached to the petals then it is called as epipetalous

54
Q

When stamen is fused with Perianth then it is said to be

A

Epiphyllous

55
Q

What are Parthenocarpic Fruits

A

Fruits Formed without fertilisation are k/a Parthenocarpic fruits

56
Q

What is the difference between Adhesion and Cohesion of stamen

A

When the stamen is attached to the different parts of the flower like petals or perianth it is called ADHESHION OF STAMEN
When stamen is attached to itself it is k/a Cohesion

57
Q

When stamens are free they are k/a

A

Polyandrous

58
Q

When stamens are united in ______ bundle then it is called as ______

A
  1. Single bundle - monoadelphous
  2. Two bundles - Diadelphous
  3. more than two bundles - polyadelphous
59
Q

What are the different parts of the carpel

A
  1. Ovary
  2. Style
  3. Stigma
60
Q

What is placenta? Define Placentation

A

The ovary bears ovules on a cushion like structure which is k/a Placenta.
The arrangement of ovules on the placenta is k/a Placentation

61
Q

What is the difference between apocarpous and syncarpous

A

When the carpels are free theb it is said to be APOCARPOUS
When the carpel are fused with one another then it is said to be SYNCARPOUS

62
Q

The ovary has chambers which are k/a

A

Loculi

63
Q

The ovary containing one chamber is k/a ______, two chambers is k/a _____, and three chambers is k/a ______

A
  1. Unilocular
  2. Bilocular
  3. Trilocular
64
Q

What are the different kinds of placentation

A
  1. Marginal
  2. Axile
  3. Parietal
  4. Free Central
  5. Basal
65
Q

After fertilisation _______ develops into seeds and ________ matures into ________

A

Ovule develops into seeds and ovary mature into fruit

66
Q

A fruit consists of _____ parts namely

A

It consists of two parts they are -
1. Fruit wall or Pericarp
2. Seeds

67
Q

The Fruit wall differentiates into three parts

A
  1. Epicarp
  2. Mesocarp
  3. Endocarp
68
Q

The fruits that develop from ovary are called as

A

True Fruit

69
Q

What are the different types of Fruit

A
  1. Simple Fruit
  2. Aggregate Fruits
  3. Multiple or Composite fruit
70
Q

What is a false fruit? False Fruit is also k/a

A

If any other part apart from vary takes part in the formation of fruit it is called as False Fruit.
It is also k/a Pseudocarp

71
Q

The scientific name of Coconut is k/a

A

Cocos nucifera

72
Q

Fruits developing from entire inflorescence is k/a

A

Composite or multiple fruit

73
Q

What is an Aggregate Fruit

A

Fruits developing from Polycarpelary, apocarpous ovary are k/a Aggregate Fruit

74
Q

The edible part of the mango is

A

Mesocarp

75
Q

What are the different types of Simple Fruits

A
  1. Dry Indehiscent Fruit
  2. Dry Dehiscent Fruit
  3. Fleshy or succulent Fruit
76
Q

What are Dehiscent Fruits

A

Fruits that burst open automatically and discharge their seed

77
Q

What are the main components of a dicotyledonous seed

A
  1. Seed Coat
  2. Embryo
  3. Endosperm
78
Q

What is a perispermic seed

A

In most seeds the nuclleus is absorbed by the endosperm and embryo after fertilization but in some seeds nuclleus remains persistant even after fertilization, these seeds are called as perispermic seeds

79
Q

At the two ends of the embryonal axis, ____ and ______ are present

A

Radicle and plumule are present

80
Q

In monocotyledon, the plumule and radicle are enclosed in a sheath which is k/a

A

Coleoptile and Coleorrhiza

81
Q

The seed coat has two layers

A
  1. Outer - Testa
  2. Inner - Tegmen
82
Q

What is hilum

A

Hilum is a scar on the seed coat through which the developing seed was attached to the fruit

83
Q

What is micropyle

A

A small pore present above the hilum is k/a Micropyle

84
Q

What is the ploidy of Aleurone layer

A

3n

85
Q

What is aleurone layer

A

The outer covering of the endosperm separates the embryo by a proteinaceous layer called a the aleurone layer

86
Q

The shield shaped cotyledon in monocots is k/a

A

Scutellum

87
Q

Fabaceae family was earlier k/a

A

Papilionoideae

88
Q

Which family has vexillary aestivation

A

Fabaceae

89
Q

Eg of Bracteate family

A

Liliaceae

90
Q

Which family has Zygomorphic symmetry

A

Fabaceae

91
Q
A

Botany NEET (10 decks)

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