Ch. 9.1-9.2 Flashcards
freedmen
the men and women who had been enslaved
reconstruction
rebuilding of the south after the civil war
ten percent plan
plan endorsed by Lincoln that allowed a southern state to for a new government after 10 percent of its voters swore an oath of loyalty to the US
amnesty
a gov pardon
wade-davis bill
1864 plan for Reconstruction that denied the right to vote or hold office to anyone who had volunteered to fight for the Confederacy
freedmen’s bureau
a gov agency founded during reconstruction to help former slaves
thirteenth amendment
amendment to the US Constitution that banned slavery throughout the nation
black codes
the southern laws that severely limited the rights of African Americans after the Civil War
radical republicans
a member of Congress during Reconstruction who wanted to break the power of wealthy southern plantation owners and ensure that freedmen received the right to vote
fourteenth amendment
an amendment that stated anyone born or naturalized in the us are citizens, states could not take away any citizens rights
radical reconstruction
when the Republicans, who had control in both houses of Congress, took charge of Reconstruction
reconstruction act
law that threw out the southern state governments that refused to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment
impeach
to bring charges of serious wrongdoing against a public official
fifteenth amendment
amendment to the US Constitution that forbids any state to deny African Americans the right to vote because of race
where did lincoln die
at ford’s theater watching “our american cousin”
who is john wilkes booth
a confederate sympathizer who shot lincoln in the head while lincoln was watching a play
johnsons plan
allowed southern states to create new gov and to elect new representatives for congress- each state was required to abolish slavery and enforce the thirteenth amendment
what specifically did the black codes state
could NOT vote, own guns, or serve on juries
COULD marry and own some kinds of property
what did republicans believe created the black codes
johnson’s plan
why did riots and violence break out in the south
people claimed south was trying to restore slavery, radical republicans attempt to gain control of reconstruction policy
what were the two main goals of radical republicans
- they wanted to break the power of wealthy planters who had long ruled the south
- they wanted to ensure that freedmen received the right to vote
how many attempts were there for the fourteenth amendment and what were they
- granted citizenship rights to african americans and guaranteed the civil rights of native americans
- all people are born or naturalized in the us are citizens, states may not make laws that take away the citizen’s rights
what were the military reconstruction acts of 1867
divided the southern states into 5 military districts, each governed by a military general
what were military generals given broad permission to do
enforce reconstruction
who was the president elected in 1868
what was his cabin full of, how was this a problem
ulysses s. grant
it was full of his friends, this was a problem because they could not be professional or not be good at what they were doing
political disagreements between north and south
north: disagreements on how to bring south into union
disagreements about slaves
some people wanted to punish the south
south: unsure how to run gov
no laws on freemen
many confederates could not hold office
economic disagreements between north and south
north: union soldiers could not get jobs
factories laid off workers
south: soldiers could not return to work
railroads destroyed
confederate money was worthless
social disagreements between north and south
north: farmers and cities remained untouched
south: many cities were destroyed
large number of freedmen enter society
what did freedmen’s bureau do
provide food, clothing, education, and jobs for freedmen
describe lincoln’s ten percent plan
10% of state voters must pledge an oath of loyalty to the us before they could make a new gov
gov must declare an end to slavery
then they could send national members to congress to take part in national gov
describe wade-davis bill
50% of voters must take an oath
anyone who fought in the civil war could not vote to send delegates to create a state constitution
confederate soldiers could not vote in any election
