Ch 9 Vocab Flashcards
9-1 Culture and Meaning are Inseperable
Commonly held societal beliefs that define what is socially gratifying
Consumer Culture
9-1 Culture and Meaning are Inseperable
Rule that specifies the appropriate consumer behavior in a given situation within a specific culture
Cultural Norms
9-1 Culture and Meaning are Inseperable
A penalty associated with performing a non-gratifying or culturally inconsistent behavior
Cultural Sanction
9-1 Culture and Meaning are Inseperable
Specific expectations that are associated with each type of person within a culture or society
Role Expectations
9-2 Using Core Societal Values
Physical Characteristics that describe the physical environment and habitat of a particular place
Ecological Factors
9-2 Using Core Societal Values
The customs and accepted ways of everyday behavior in a given culture
Tradition
9-2 Using Core Societal Values
Commonly agreed upon consensus about the most preferable ways of living within a society, also known as cultural values
Core Societal Values (CSV)
9-2 Using Core Societal Values
The extent to which people are expected to take care of themselves and their immediate families
Individualism
9-2 Using Core Societal Values
Extent to which an individual’s life is intertwined with a large cohesive group
Collectivism
9-2 Using Core Societal Values
Gender role distinction within a group that values assertiveness and control; CSV opposite of Femininity
Masculinity
9-2 Using Core Societal Values
Gender role distinction within a group that emphasizes the prioritization of relational variables such as caring, conciliation, and community; CSV opposite of masculinity
Femininity
9-2 Using Core Societal Values
Extent to which authority and privileges are divided among different groups within society and the extent to which these facts of life are accepted by the people within the society
Power Distance
9-2 Using Core Societal Values
Extent to which a culture is uncomfortable with things that are ambiguous or unknown
Uncertainty Avoidance
9-2 Using Core Societal Values
Values consistent with Confucian philosophy and a pragmatic prioritization of future rewards over short term benefits
Long Term Orientation (LTO)
9-2 Using Core Societal Values
Chinese term for a way of doing business in which parties must first invest time and resources in getting to know one another and becoming comfortable with one another before consummating any important deal
Guanxi
9-2 Using Core Societal Values
Idea that favors given to another are reciprocal and must be returned
Renquing
9-2 Using Core Societal Values
a cultural value dimension distinguishing societies based on how oriented people are toward immediate fun and enjoyment versus restraining oneself from much indulgence in such things
Indulgence Restraint
9-2 Using Core Societal Values
Acronym that refers to the collective economies of Brazil, Russia, India, and China
BRIC
9-2 Using Core Societal Values
representation of how disparate one nation is from another in terms of their CSV
Cultural Distance (CD)
9-2 Using Core Societal Values
acronym that refers to the close similarity in values among Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and the U.S
CANZUS
9-3 How is Culture Learned?
learning through the observation of and the active processing of information about everyday lived experience
Socialization
9-3 How is Culture Learned?
The way people learn their native culture
Enculturalization
9-3 How is Culture Learned?
Process by which consumers come to learn a culture other than their natural, native culture
Acculturalization
9-3 How is Culture Learned?
Degree to which consumers feel a sense of belonging to the culture of their ethnic origins
Ethnic Identification
9-3 How is Culture Learned?
Belief among consumers that their ethnic group is superior to others and that the products that come from their native land and are superior to other products
Consumer Ethnocenterism
9-3 How is Culture Learned?
Four groups responsible for communicating the CSVs through both formal and informal processes; family, school, church, and media
Quartet of Institutions
9-3 How is Culture Learned?
Process of imitating others’ behavior; a form of observational learning
Modeling
9-3 How is Culture Learned?
A socialization process by which consumers’ behaviors slowly adapt to a culture through a series of rewards and sanctions
Shaping
9-4 Fundamental Elements of Communications
Transer of information through either the literal spoken or written word
Verbal Communication
9-4 Fundamental Elements of Communications
Variations in the manner of speaking within a common language
Dialects
9-4 Fundamental Elements of Communications
Two phrases share the same precise meaning in 2 different cultures
Translational Equivalence
9-4 Fundamental Elements of Communications
Statistical tests used to validate the way people use numbers to represent quantities across cultures
Metric Equivalence
9-4 Fundamental Elements of Communications
Simplified form of English that reduces the vocabulary to around 1,500 words and eliminates grammatical complications
Globish
9-4 Fundamental Elements of Communications
Information passed through some nonverbal act
Nonverbal Communication
9-4 Fundamental Elements of Communications
Nonverbal communication cues signaled by somatic responses
Body language
9-4 Fundamental Elements of Communications
Customary mannerisms consumers use in common social situations
Etiquette
9-5 Emerging Cultures
Combined market and business potential of China and India
Chindia
9-5 Emerging Cultures
Idea that the marketing strategy may be global but the implementation of that strategy should be local
Glocalization
