Ch 9 Stress And Health Flashcards
The term used to describe the physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral responses to events that are appraised as threatening or challenging.
Stress
the study of the effects of psychological factors such as stress, emotions, thoughts, and behavior on the immune system.
Psychoneuroimmunology
Events that cause a stress reaction
Stressors
The effect of unpleasant and undesirable stressors
Distress
The effect of positive events, or the optimal amount of stress that people need to promote health and well-being
Eustress
An unpredictable, large scale event that creates a tremendous need to adapt and adjust as well as overwhelming feelings of threat
Catastrophe
Assessment that measures the amount of stress in a persons life over a one-year period resulting from major life events
Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS)
Assessment that measures the amount if stress in a college students life over a one-year period resulting from major life events
College Undergraduate Stress Scale (CUSS)
The daily annoyances of everyday life
Hassles
The psychological experience produced by urgent demands or expectations for a persons behavior that come from an outside source
Pressure
The psychological experience produced by the blocking of a desired goal or fulfillment of a perceived need
Frustration
Actions meant to harm or destroy
Aggression
Taking out ones frustrations on some less threatening or more available target, a form of displacement
Displaced aggression
Psychological defense mechanism in which emotional reactions and behavioral responses are shifted to targets that are more available or less threatening than the original target.
Displacement
Leaving the presence of a stressor, either literally or by psychological withdrawal into fantasy, drug abuse, or apathy
Escape or withdrawal
The psychological distress occurring when a person has to choose between different and incompatible or opposing goals
Conflict
Conflict occurring when a person must choose between two desirable goals
Approach-approach conflict
Conflict occurring when a person must choose between two undesirable goals
Avoidance-avoidance conflict
The three stages of the body’s physiological reaction to stress, including alarm, resistance, and exhaustion
General adaptation syndrome (GAS)
The system of cells, organs, and chemicals of the body that responds to attacks from diseases, infections, and injuries
Immune system
Disease involving failure of the pancreas to secrete enough insulin, necessitating medication, usually diagnosed before the age of 40 and can be associated with obesity
Type 2 diabetes
Immune system cell responsible for suppressing viruses ad destroying tumor cells
Natural killer cell
Area of psychology focusing on how physical activities, psychological traits, and social relationships affect overall health and rate of illnesses
Health psychology
The first step in assessing stress, which involves estimating the severity of a stressor and classifying it as either a threat or a challenge
Primary appraisal
The second step in assessing a threat, which involves estimating the resources available to the person for coping with the stressor
Secondary appraisal
Person who is ambitious, time conscious, extremely hard-working, and tends to have high levels of hostility and anger as well as being easily annoyed
Type A
Person who is relaxed and laid-back, less driven and less competitive than Type A, and slow to anger
Type B
Pleasant but repressed person, who tends to internalize his or her anger as anxiety and who finds expressing emotions difficult
Type C
A person who seems to thrive on stress but lacks the anger ad hostility of the Type A personality
Hardy personality
People who expect positive outcomes
Optimists
People who expect negative outcomes
Pessimists
Negative changes in thoughts, emotions, and behavior as a result of prolonged stress or frustration
Burnout
Stress resulting from the need to change and adapt a persons ways to the majority culture
Acculturating stress
The network of family, friends, neighbors, coworkers, and others who can offer support, comfort, or aid to a person in need
Social support system
Hormone that is secreted by the pancreas to control the levels of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates in the body by increasing the level of glucose in the bloodstream
Glucagon
A hormone secreted by the pancreas to control the levels of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates in the body by reducing the level of glucose in the bloodstream
Insulin