Ch 9 - Nutrition Flashcards
What term refers to carbohydrates that contain three or more simple carbohydrate molecules
Polysaccharides
What term refers to carbohydrate-lipid complexes that are also good water binders
Mucopolysaccharides
How are nonessential amino acids different from other amino acids
They can be synthesized by the body and don’t need to be obtained from diet
What is another name for alpha-linoleic acid, a type of “good” polyunsaturated fat that may decrease cardiovascular diseases
Omega-3 fatty acids
What is the term for thinning of the bones caused by the reabsorption of calcium into the bones
Osteoporosis
What are proteins
Chains of amino acid molecules
What is the commercial name for vitamin-A derivative retinoic acid
Retin-A
What is the vitamin from with tretinoin (used for collagen synthesis, hyperpigmentation, and acne) is derived
Vitamin A
What is one of the functions of the antioxidant Vitamin A
Aids in the functioning and repair of the skin cells
What is another name for vitamin C
Ascorbic acid
What does adenosine triphosphate do
Provides energy to cells and concerts energy to carbon dioxide
What forms the building blocks of protein
Amino acids
What is the term for clogging and hardening of the arteries
Arteriosclerosis
What food contains the greatest abundance of bioflavonoids
Citrus fruit
What are measures of heat units, used to measure food or energy for the body
Calories
What are compounds that break down sugars and supply body energy
Carbohydrates
What term refers to sugars made up of two simple sugars, such as lactose and sucrose
Disaccharides
What are catalysts that break down complex food molecules
Enzymes
What type of vitamin is riboflavin
Vitamin B
What mineral serves the function of forming and maintaining teeth and bones
Calcium
What mineral is required for energy use, water balance, and molecular movement
Potassium
What mineral is required for energy release and protein synthesis
Magnesium
What mineral moves carbon dioxide. regulated water levels, and transports materials through cell membranes
Sodium
What is NOT an important reason for estheticians to develop and use good health habits
Seeking superficial approval
How often should you exercise for about 30 mins in order to maintain good health habits
3 times a week
What is true of water
It is the one essential nutrient no person can live without
What are fats
Macronutrients used to produce energy in the body
What is glycosaminoglycan
Water-binding substance between the fibers of the dermis
What is hypoglycemia
Condition in which blood sugar drops too low
What is the common name for linoleic acid, which is used to make important hormones
Omega-6
What is true of macronutrients
They make up the largest part of the nutrition we take in
What is true of micronutrients
They have no calories or nutritional value
What term refers to inorganic materials that are required for many reactions of the cells and the body
Minerals
What term refers to carbohydrates made up of one basic sugar unit
Monosaccharides
What is a common name for vitamin D
Sunshine vitamin
What is the scientific name for vitamin E
Tocopherol
What body function is aided by vitamin K
Blood coagulation
What is the function of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
Approving drugs for public use
What is the governmental agency that issues the recommended nutritional guideline MyPlate
United State Department of Agriculture (USDA)
What are recommended dietary allowances (RDA)
Government issued measurements for amounts of foods we should eat
What type of vitamin in niacin
Vitamin B
What mineral contributes to body tissue formation and gives strength to keratin
Sulphur
What mineral is commonly used as toothpaste because it contributes to bone and teeth formation
Fluoride
