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esthetics state board > Ch 6 - General Anatomy and Physiology > Flashcards

Ch 6 - General Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

How much blood does the the human body contain

A

8 to 10 pints

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2
Q

What is a nutritive fluid flowing through the circulatory system

A

Blood

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3
Q

What are platelets

A

Blood components that contribute to the blood-clotting process

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4
Q

What is another term for white blood cells

A

Leukocytes

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5
Q

What is the study of tiny structures found in living tissues

A

Histology

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6
Q

What is one reason estheticians should study body systems, organs, and tissues

A

To understand the effect services have on th ebody

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7
Q

What is protoplasm

A

Substance of which the cells of all living things are composed

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8
Q

What is the process of cell reproduction called

A

Mitosis

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9
Q

What is the sternum

A

Flat bone that forms the ventral support of the ribs

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10
Q

What part of the hand is supplied by the radical nerve and its branches

A

Back

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11
Q

What is the fluid part of blood and lymph that carries food and secretions to the cells and carbon dioxide from the cells

A

Plasma

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12
Q

What is true of the origin part of the muscle

A

It is attached to the skeleton

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13
Q

What are structures composed of specialized tissues and performing specific functions

A

Organs

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14
Q

Why does the parathyroid gland regulate blood calcium and phosphorous levels

A

So the nervous and muscular systems can function properly

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15
Q

What is true of the pituitary gland

A

It is the most complex organ of the endocrine system

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16
Q

What organ in the endocrine system secretes enzyme-producing cells that are responsible for digesting carbohydrates, proteins, and fats

A

Pancreas

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17
Q

What are the secretions that the endocrine glands release directly into the bloodstream and that influence the welfare of the entire body

A

Hormones

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18
Q

What is the primary function of the respiratory system

A

Breathing

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19
Q

What is the primary function of the lymphatic/immune system

A

Protecting the body from disease

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20
Q

What is the primary function of the skeletal system

A

Providing the physical foundation of the body

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21
Q

What is osteology

A

Study of bones

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22
Q

What is the term that means “bone” and is used as a prefix in many medical terms

A

“os”

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23
Q

What is the primary function of the circulatory system

A

Moving blood through the body

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24
Q

What is covered, shaped, and supported by the muscular system

A

Skeletal tissue

25
Q

What body system is responsible for changing food into nutrients and waste

A

Digestive

26
Q

What is the primary function of the excretory system

A

Purifying the body by elimination of waste matter

27
Q

What is the primary function of the reproductive system

A

Perpetuating the human race

28
Q

What is the body system that controls and coordinates all other body systems

A

Nervous

29
Q

What is a connection between two or m ore bones of the skeleton

A

Joint

30
Q

What body system serves as a protective covering for the body

A

Integumentary

31
Q

What is a collection of similar cells that perform a particular function

A

Tissue

32
Q

What are valves

A

Structures that close a passage or permit flow in one direction only

33
Q

Where in the skull is the occipital bone located

A

back of head

34
Q

How many identical daughter cells are formed when a cell divides during mitosis

A

2

35
Q

What are the two phases of metabolism

A

anabolism and catabolism

36
Q

What is the metabolic process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones

A

Anabolism

37
Q

When, during metabolism, are complex compounds within the cells broken down into smaller ones

A

Catabolism

38
Q

What body system effects the growth, development, sexual activities, and health of the body

A

Endocrine

39
Q

Where in the body does the spinal cord originate

A

Brain

40
Q

What are glands

A

Specialized organs that remove and convert elements from the blood

41
Q

What are lymph nodes

A

Gland-like structures found inside the lymphatic vessels

42
Q

What are two physical characteristics of lymph

A

Colorless and watery

43
Q

What binds tissues of the body together

A

Connective tissue

44
Q

What type of tissue provides a protective covering on body surfaces

A

Epithelial

45
Q

What carries messages to and from the brain and controls and coordinates all body functions

A

Nerve tissue

46
Q

What organ circulates the blood

A

Heart

47
Q

What do the kidneys do

A

Excrete water and waste products

48
Q

What is the name of the two bones that form the bridge of the nose

A

Nasal

49
Q

What is the largest and strongest bone in the face

A

Mandible

50
Q

What is formed by the 12 pairs of bones in the ribs

A

Thorax

51
Q

What are small vessels that connect capillaries to veins

A

Venules

52
Q

What term refers to thin-walled blood vessels that are less elastic than arteries

A

Veins

53
Q

What gland controls how quickly the body burns energy and makes proteins

A

Thyroid

54
Q

What supplies oxygen to the blood

A

Lungs

55
Q

What is the function of the liver

A

Removing waste created by digestion

56
Q

What organ aids the intestines in the digestion of food

A

Stomach

57
Q

What is defecation

A

Eliminating waste from the body

58
Q

What is the term for taking food into the body

A

Ingestion

esthetics state board (23 decks)

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