Ch 7 - Chemistry Flashcards
What has physical properties that we can see, smell, taste and touch
Matter
What causes oxidation
Addition of oxygen or the loss of hydrogen
What is an ion
Atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge
What is a atom with a positive electrical charge
Cation
What is a ion with a negative charge
Anion
What does the term “miscible” mean
Capable of being mixed
What is united with the aid of an emulsifier to create an emulsion
Two or more immiscible substances
What is a solution
Uniform mixture of two or more mutually miscible substances
What is air
Gaseous mixture that makes up earth atmosphere
What is true of liquid
It is matter with fixed volume but no definite shape
What is NOT true of atoms
All atoms are identical
What is true of oxygen
It is the most abundant element on Earth
What is true of water
It is the most abundant of ALL substances on Earth
What is true of elements
Elements are the simplest form of matter
What is light a form of
Energy
What is true of each of the approximately 90 naturally occurring elements
Each has its own distinctive physical and chemical properties
What term refers to molecules that contain two or more atoms of the same element
Elemental molecules
What businesses primarily use oil-in-water emulsions
Salons and spas
What is true of moisturizer
It is an oil-in-water emulsion
What is a difference between water-in-oil emulsions and oil-in-water emulsions
Water-in-oil emulsions are greasier
What are most skin care products
Emulsions of oil and water
What term means “water-loving”
Hydrophilic
What term means “oil-loving”
Lipophilic
How much of the air is made up of nitrogen
Four-fifths
What is the science that deals with the composition, structure and properties of matter and how matter changes under different conditions
Chemistry
What are the two branches of chemistry
Organic and inorganic
What element is absent from the compounds studied in inorganic chemistry
Carbon
What element is found in all living things, whether there plants or animals
Carbon
What is the study of substances that contain carbon
Organic chemistry
What is any substance that is dissolved by a solvent to form a solution
solute
What do antioxidants prevent by neutralizing free radicals
ionization
What time of neutralization reaction forms water and salt
Acid-alkali
What is the natural PH of the skin
5.5
What term refers to substances with a PH below 7.0
Acids
What are substances with a PH above 7.0
Alkalis
What type of substance has a PH level of 7.0
Neutral
What are suspensions
Unstable mixtures of two or more immiscible substances
What is reduction
Loss of oxygen or the addition of hydrogen
What is the term that refers to matter in its three physical forms (liquid, solid, gas)
States of matter
How much of earths surface, approximately is water
75 percent
