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Ch 8 > Ch 9 > Flashcards

Ch 9 Flashcards

0
Q

Metabolism

A

Using nutrients for cell processes, growth, generation of energy, and elimination of wastes

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1
Q

Alimentation

A

The process of providing nutrition for the body

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2
Q

What 4 processes does the digestive system use

A

Ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination

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3
Q

Ingestion

A

The oral intake of substances into the body

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4
Q

Digestion

A

The mechanical and chemical conversion of food into substances that can eventually be absorbed by cells

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5
Q

Absorption

A

The process in which the digested

Food molecules pass through the lining of the small intestine into the blood or lymph capillaries

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6
Q

Elimination

A

The removal of undigested food particles

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7
Q

Defication

A

The elimination of wastes through the anus

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8
Q

3 main classes of nutrients

A

Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids

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9
Q

Enzymes

A

Agents that chemically break down specific sugars into simpler substances

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10
Q

Lactose

A

Milk sugar

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11
Q

Enzyme that breaks down lactose

A

Lactase

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12
Q
  • ose
A

Sugar

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13
Q
  • ase
A

Enzyme

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14
Q

The eventual product of the digestion of sugars as well as starchs

A

Glucose

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15
Q

The enzyme that breaks down protein

A

Protease, proteinase

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16
Q

The enzyme that breaks down lipids

A

Lipase

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17
Q

-ation

A

Action or process

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18
Q

Bil/i, chol/e

A

Bile

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19
Q

Cirrh/o

A

Orange- yellow

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20
Q

De-

A

Down, from, reversing

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21
Q

Glycos/o

A

Sugar

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22
Q

-orexia

A

Appetite

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23
Q

-pepsia

A

Digestion

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24
Q

Vag/o

A

Vagus nerve

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25
Q

Viscer/o

A

Viscera

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26
Q

The digestive tract can be called

A

The alimentary tract

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27
Q

Gastrointestinal

A

Pertaining to the stomach and intestines

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28
Q

Cheil/o

A

Lips

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29
Q

Dent/i, dent/o, odont/o

A

Teeth

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30
Q

Gingiv/o

A

Gums

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31
Q

Or/o, stomat/o

A

Mouth

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32
Q

Esophag/o

A

Esophagus

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33
Q

Gastr/o

A

Stomach

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34
Q

Enter/o, intestin/o

A

Intestines

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35
Q

Duoden/o

A

Doudenum

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36
Q

Jejun/o

A

Jejunum

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37
Q

ile/o

A

ileum

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38
Q

Col/o

A

Colon

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39
Q

The inability to communicate through speech, writing, or signs

A

Aphasia

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40
Q

Chronic dilation of the bronchi with a secondary infection involving the lower lung

A

Bronchiectasis

41
Q

Material raised from inflamed membranes of the respiratory tract

A

Sputum

42
Q

The sudden blocking of an artery by a foreign material

A

Embolism

43
Q

The throat is the

A

Pharynx

44
Q

A percutaneous lung biopsy

A

Removal of small bits of tissue by puncture of the suspected lesion through the skin

45
Q

Effusion of fluid into the air spaces of the lungs

A

Pulmonary edema

46
Q

Pneumoconiosis

A

A respiratory condition caused by inhalation of dust particles

47
Q

Append/o

A

Appendix

48
Q

Cec/o

A

Cecum

49
Q

Sigmoid/o

A

Sigmoid colon

50
Q

Proct/o

A

Anus or rectum

51
Q

Rect/o

A

Rectum

52
Q

An/o

A

Anus

53
Q

Bronchiole

A

Bronchiol/o

54
Q

What machine is used for prolonged artificial respiration

A

Ventilator

55
Q

Anoxia

A

Deficiency of oxygen

56
Q

Tracheotomy refers to

A

Incision of the windpipe through the skin and muscles of the neck overlaying it

57
Q

Pancreat/o

A

Pancreas

58
Q

Sail/o

A

Salivary glands

59
Q

Barium swallow

A

An xray of the esophagus taken while the patient swallows a liquid barium suspension

60
Q

Biliary tract

A

The pathway for bile to flow from the liver to the bile duct and into the duodenum

61
Q

Biliary calculus

A

Gallstone

62
Q

Jaundice

A

RUQ pain, obstruction, and inflammation of the gallbladder

63
Q

Diebetes Mellitus (DM)

A

The result of resistance to insulin or lack of insulin secretion by the pancreas

64
Q

-phagia

A

Eating

65
Q

-uria

A

Urination

66
Q

-dipsia

A

Thirst

67
Q

Hypoglycemia

A

Abnormally low sugar in the blood, caused by the pancreas producing too much insulin

68
Q

Obesity

A

Abnormal increase in the proportion of fat cells of the body. 20% above the normal weight

69
Q

Emaciation

A

Excessive leanness caused by disease or lack of nutrition

70
Q

Anorexia

A

Lack of appetite

71
Q

Bulimia

A

Binge eating followed by induced vomiting

72
Q

Malnutrition

A

Depletion of nutrients

73
Q

Malabsorption

A

Improper absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream from the intestines

74
Q

Canker sores

A

Ulcers, chiefly of the mouth and lips

75
Q

Cheilitis

A

Inflammation of the lip

76
Q

Glossitis

A

Inflammation of the tongue

77
Q

Esophageal varices

A

A complex of enlarged and swollen veins at the lower end of the esophagus that are susceptible to hemorrage

78
Q

Gastrocele

A

Herniation of the stomach

79
Q

Hemorroids

A

Masses of veins in the anal canal that are unnaturally distended and lay outside the rectum

80
Q

Cirrhosis

A

Chronic liver disease characterized by marked degeneration of liver cells

81
Q

Anorexiant

A

An appetite-suppressing drug

82
Q

Purgatives, cathartics

A

Strong medications used to promote full evacuation of the bowel, use in preparation for diagnostics procedures or surgeries.

83
Q

Tongue

A

Gloss/o

84
Q

Another term for the digestive tract

A

Alimentary tract

85
Q

The pathway for bile flow from the liver to the bile duct and into the duodenum is called

A

Biliary tract

86
Q

Drugs that produce vomiting

A

Emetics

87
Q

This type of tube is used to feed patients when they cannot chew, ingest, or swallow food

A

Enteral

88
Q

An excessive amount of acid in the stomach

A

Hyperacidity

89
Q

Another name for a hiatal hernia

A

Gastrocele

90
Q

Stoppage or delay in the passage of food through the intestine

A

Enterostasis

91
Q

What class of nutrients is the basic source of energy for human cells

A

Carbohydrates

92
Q

The contrast agent used to visualize the stomach and intestines

A

Barium

93
Q

Examination of the abdominal cavity through incisions using a special endoscope is called

A

Laparoscopy

94
Q

Use of high energy shock waves to to break up gallstones

A

Laser lithotripsy

95
Q

Excision of small sacs in the intestinal tract, especially colon

A

Diverticulectomy

96
Q

A lesion of the mucous membrane accompanied by the shedding of dead tissue

A

Ulcer

97
Q

The irrigation or washing out of an organ

A

Lavage

98
Q

Condition in which the skin, eyes, mucous membranes, and body fluids yellow

A

Jaundice

99
Q

Branch of dentistry that specializes in the tissue that invests and supports the teeth

A

Periodontics

Ch 8 (7 decks)

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