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Ch 8 > Ch 14 > Flashcards

Ch 14 Flashcards

0
Q

Hyposecretion

A

Decreased hormone production

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1
Q

Endocrine system

A

Coordinates with the nervous system

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2
Q

Hypersecretion

A

Increased hormone production

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3
Q

Endocrine gland

A

Ductless gland that secretes directly into the bloodstream

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4
Q

Exocrine glands

A

Glands with ducts that open onto a body surface, for example sweat glands

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5
Q

Target organ

A

The organ that is directly affected by a gland

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6
Q

What two things trigger glands to release hormones

A

Hormones are released in response to the nervous system or in response to signals from the pituitary gland

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7
Q

Why is the Pituitary gland referred to as the “master gland”

A

It sends hormone signals to other glands that tell them to release hormones

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8
Q

What is another name for the pituitary gland

A

Hypophysis

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9
Q

Pineal gland

A

Shaped like a pinecone and attached to the posterior of the brain, believed to secrete the hormone melatonin

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10
Q

Thyroid gland

A

Front of the neck, consists of bilateral lobes connected by a narrow strip of thyroid tissue

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11
Q

Parathyroid glands

A

Near the thyroid and imbedded into it.

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12
Q

What organ are the Islets of Langerhans located by

A

Pancreas

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13
Q

Adrenal glands

A

On top of the kidneys, the structures that produce adrenaline

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14
Q

Name the 8 main glands

A

pituitary, adrenal, pancreas, thyroid, parathyroid, testes, ovaries, pineal,

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15
Q

Pancreat/o

A

Pancreas

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16
Q

Parathyroid/o

A

Parathyroid

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17
Q

Pituitar/o

A

Pituitary

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18
Q

Hypophys/o

A

Pituitary

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19
Q

Ren/o

A

Kidney

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20
Q

Thyr/o

A

Thyroid

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21
Q

-gen

A

Beginning

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22
Q

-physis

A

Growth

23
Q

-tropic

A

Stimulate

24
Q

-tropin

A

That which stimulates

25
Q

Gigant/o

A

Giant

26
Q

Myx/o

A

Mucus

27
Q

Iod/o

A

Iodine

28
Q

Andr/o

A

Male or masculine

29
Q

Adrenaline

A

From adrenals, stimulates “fight or flight” response

30
Q

Androgen

A

From testicles, development of masculine characteristics

31
Q

Antidiuretic hormone

A

From the pituitary, suppresses urine formation

32
Q

Cortizone

A

From the adrenals, important in regulation of body metabolism

33
Q

Estrogen

A

From ovaries, during the menstrual cycle estrogen acts on the female genitalia to produce a suitable site for fertilization

34
Q

Growth hormone

A

From the pituitary, stimulates growth and maintenance of size

35
Q

Insulin

A

From the pancreas, regulates blood glucose by coordinating with other hormones

36
Q

Thyroxine

A

From the thyroid, promotes cell metabolism

37
Q

Protrusion of eyeballs is called what, and associated with what condition

A

Exophthalmos, hyperthyroidism

38
Q

Goiter

A

Thyroid enlargement or mass

39
Q

Diabetes insipidus

A

A disease where either there is a deficiency in antidiuretic hormone, or the kidneys don’t respond to ADH correctly

40
Q

Acromegaly

A

Abnormal enlargement of the extremities if the skeleton: nose, jaw, fingers and toes

41
Q

Adenoma

A

Tumor of a gland

42
Q

Cretinism

A

Condition caused by congenital deficiency of thyroid secretion and marked by arrested physical and mental development

43
Q

Dwarfism

A

Hyposecretion of growth hormone during childhood

44
Q

Gigantism

A

Condition in which a person reaches an abnormally large stature because of HGH hypersecretion

45
Q

Hyperinsulinism

A

Excessive secretion of insulin by the pancreas, which causes hypoglycemia

46
Q

Hyperparathyroidism

A

Increased activity of the parathyroid glands

47
Q

Hypoglycemia

A

Abnormally low blood sugar

48
Q

Hypopituitarism

A

Diminished activity of the pituitary gland

49
Q

Myxedema

A

Condition resulting from hypofunction of the thyroid gland, characterized by dry, waxy swelling of the skin

50
Q

Thyrotoxicosis

A

Morbid condition caused by excessive thyroid secretion

51
Q

Hypophysectomy

A

Surgical removal of the pituitary gland

52
Q

Adenectomy

A

Removal of a gland

53
Q

Type 1 diabetes is controlled by diet, exercise and

A

Administration of insulin

54
Q

Type 2 diabetes is controlled by diet, exercise and

A

Glucose-lowering agents

Ch 8 (7 decks)

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