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Ch 8 > Ch 10 > Flashcards

Ch 10 Flashcards

0
Q

One function of the kidneys is maintenance of ________ volume by varying the excretion of water in the urine

A

Blood

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1
Q

Excretion

A

The process of elimination of wastes

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2
Q

Kidneys maintain __________ composition of blood by selecting certain ___________ to excrete

A

Chemical

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3
Q

Kidneys maintain blood_____

A

PH

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4
Q

Kidneys excrete waste products of

A

Protein metabolism

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5
Q

Kidneys regulate blood

A

Pressure

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6
Q

Kidneys secrete erythropoietin to stimulate the production of

A

Erythrocytes

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7
Q

Albumin/o

A

Albumin

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8
Q

-ation

A

Process

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9
Q

-esis

A

Action, process, or result of

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10
Q

Glycos/o

A

Sugar

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11
Q

Olig/o

A

Few

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12
Q

Ur/o

A

Urine or urinary tract

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13
Q

Urin/o

A

Urine

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14
Q

-uria

A

Urine

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15
Q

Tubes leading from kidneys to the bladder

A

Ureters

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16
Q

The tube that urine leaves the body through

A

Urethra

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17
Q

Cyst/o

A

Bladder

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18
Q

Glomerul/o

A

Glomerulus ( filter for the kidney )

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19
Q

Nephr/o, ren/o

A

Kidney

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20
Q

Pyel/o

A

Renal pelvis (reservoir in the kidney that collects the urine)

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21
Q

Ureter/o

A

Ureter

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22
Q

Urethr/o

A

Urethra

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23
Q

Renal pelvis

A

Funnel- shaped structure structure in the middle of each kidney

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24
Q

Nephrons

A

Microscopic Functional units that consist of a long stem and tubular sections called tubules

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25
Q

Glomerulus

A

A cluster of blood vessels surrounded by a structure called Bowman’s capsule

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26
Q

Filtering of the blood can be called

A

Glomerular filtration

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27
Q

Selective reabsorption of some substances can be called

A

Tubular reabsorption

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28
Q

Secretion of substances into the urine can be called

A

Tubular secretion

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29
Q

The process of filtering blood goes through what structures

A

Glomerulus(filtration), Bowman’s capsule, renal tubule, renal pelvis

30
Q

Glomerulus does not permit

A

Proteins and blood cells

31
Q

The glomerulus lets what substances through its walls

A

Water, salts, wastes

32
Q

Function of Bowman’s capsule

A

Collects the substances that filer through the glomerular walls. Passes them to the tubules

33
Q

Tubules

A

Long twisted tubes that reabsorb water and sugars. Excess nutrients and water are passed down through the ureters and become urine

34
Q

Antidiuretic hormone(ADH)

A

Increases the reabsorption of water by the renal tubules, decreasing the amount of urine produced

35
Q

Testing urine

A

Urinalysis

36
Q

The presence of sugar, protein, or blood in urine

A

Glycosuria, proteinuria, or hematuria

37
Q

Pyuria

A

Pus in the urine

38
Q

Ketone bodies

A

End products of lipid (fat) metabolism

39
Q

Kentonuria

A

Ketone bodies in the urine

40
Q

Diabetes mellitus

A

An endocrine disorder characterized by glycosuria and hyperglycemia

41
Q

Urinary tract infection (UTI)

A

Excessive growth of bacteria in the urinary tract

42
Q

Voided specimen

A

Urine sample

43
Q

Blood urea nitrogen

A

A measure of the amount of urea in the blood

44
Q

Stenosis

A

Constriction or narrowing

45
Q

Nephrotomography

A

Sectional radiographic examination of the kidneys

46
Q

Cystocele

A

Bladder hernia that protrudes into the vagina

47
Q

Nephrosis

A

Degenerative changes in the kidneys but no inflammation

48
Q

Nephrotoxic

A

Destructive to kidney tissue

49
Q

Polycystic kidney disease

A

Hereditary disorder characterized by hundreds of fluid-filled cysts throughout both kidneys

50
Q

Polyp

A

Tumor found on a mucosal surface, such as the inner lining of the bladder

51
Q

Renal failure

A

Failure of the kidney to perform its essential functions. Acute renal failure is a critical situation

52
Q

Renal insufficiency

A

Reduced ability of the kidney to preform its functions

53
Q

Retrograde urogrqphy

A

X-ray examination of the renal pelvis and ureter after injection of a contrast medium into the renal pelvis

54
Q

Urinary incontinence

A

Inability to hold urine in the bladder

55
Q

Urinary retention

A

Inability to empty the bladder

56
Q

Voiding cystourethrogram

A

Radiographic record of the bladder and urethra after the bladder has been filled with a contrast medium. The x- ray is taken while the patient is urinating

57
Q

Voiding can be called

A

Urination

58
Q

Radiographic study to access the arterial blood supply to the kidneys

A

Renal arteriography

59
Q

Excision of a urinary bladder

A

Cystectomy

60
Q

What combining form Pertains to the filtering structure of the kidney

A

Glomerul/o

61
Q

What word part refers to the reservoir in the kidney that collects urine

A

Pyel/o

62
Q

What is the cluster of blood vessel surrounded by a Bowman’s capsule

A

Glomerulus

63
Q

A procedure where small pieces of tissue from a nearby structure are removed through the wall of the urethra

A

Transurethral resection

64
Q

The final product of protein metabolism and the chief nitrogenous waste present in urine

A

Urea

65
Q

Each of these is composed of a glomerulus and tubules

A

Nephron

66
Q

What two processes of urine function happen in the tubules

A

Reabsorption and secretion

67
Q

The descriptor for lithotripsy which uses sound waves to break up kidney stones

A

Extracorporeal

68
Q

urinary output of less than 100 ml per day

A

Anuria

69
Q

Substance on the blood that indicates a rough estimate of kidney function

A

Blood urea nitrogen

70
Q

A diminished capacity to pass urine (>500mL) daily

A

Oliguria

71
Q

Hereditary disorder characterized by hundreds of fluid filled cysts throughout both kidneys

A

Polycystic kidney disease

72
Q

Toxic condition of the body that is associated with failure of the kidneys to function properly

A

Uremia

Ch 8 (7 decks)

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