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Ch 8 > Ch 13 > Flashcards

Ch 13 Flashcards

0
Q

Synonym of sensory

A

Afferent

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1
Q

The study of the mind

A

Psychology

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2
Q

Two categories of the nervous system

A

Central nervous system(CNS) and peripheral nervous system(PNS)

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3
Q

Synonym for motor

A

Efferent

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4
Q

Two main structures if the central nervous system

A

Brain and spinal cord

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5
Q

Two main structures of the peripheral nervous system

A

Sensory(afferent) and motor(efferent)

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6
Q

What is the brain’s function in the CNS

A

Receives and integrates data. Regulates body activities

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7
Q

What is the spinal cord’s function in the CNS

A

Carries information to and from the brain. Provides reflexes

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8
Q

The kidneys and adrenal glands are part of which nervous system

A

Peripheral nervous system

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9
Q

Sensory(afferent) parts of the peripheral nervous system do what

A

Convey information from receptors to CNS

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10
Q

Motor(efferent) parts of the peripheral nervous system do what

A

Conveys information from the CNS to muscles and glands

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11
Q

Part of the nervous system that ate controlled consciously

A

Somatic nervous system

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12
Q

Part of the nervous system that controls involuntary body functions

A

Autonomic nervous system

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13
Q

The nervous system is made of what two types of cells

A

Neurons and glial(neuroglial) cells

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14
Q

Function of neurons

A

Conduct impulses either to or from the nervous system

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15
Q

Dendrites

A

Transmit impulses to the cell body

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16
Q

Axon

A

Carries impulses away from the cell body

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17
Q

Myelin sheath

A

A white fatty covering of the axon

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18
Q

Neurilemma

A

Outermost layer of the axon, outside of the myelin sheath

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19
Q

Synonym for glia

A

Neuroglia

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20
Q

Neuroglia

A

The supporting tissue cells of the nervous system

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21
Q

Aut/o

A

Self

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22
Q

Cerebell/o

A

Cerebellum

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23
Q

Encephal/o

A

Brain

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24
Q

Cerebr/o

A

Brain

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25
Q

Cervic/o

A

Neck

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26
Q

Coccyg/o

A

Coccyx (tailbone)

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27
Q

Crani/o

A

Cranium

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28
Q

Dendr/o

A

Tree

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29
Q

Dur/o

A

Dura matter

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30
Q

Gli/o

A

Neuroglia

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31
Q

Kerat/o

A

Cornea; hard or horny

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32
Q

Lumb/o

A

Lower back

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33
Q

Mening/o

A

Meninges

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34
Q

Ment/o

A

Mind

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35
Q

Myel/o

A

Bone marrow or spinal cord

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36
Q

Nerv/o, neur/o

A

Nerve

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37
Q

Phren/o

A

Mind or diaphragm

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38
Q

Physi/o

A

Nature

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39
Q

Retin/o

A

Retina

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40
Q

Sacr/o

A

Sacrum

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41
Q

Spin/o

A

Spine

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42
Q

Thorac/o

A

Thorax (chest)

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43
Q

Vascul/o

A

Vessel

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44
Q

Agora-

A

Open marketplace

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45
Q

-asthenia

A

Weakness

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46
Q

-esthenia

A

Sensation

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47
Q

-lexia

A

Words, phrases

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48
Q

-orexia

A

Appetite

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49
Q

What part of the brain accounts for 7/8 of it total weight

A

Cerebrum

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50
Q

What is located below the thalamus

A

Hypothalamus

51
Q

Additional protection for the brain comes from the ________________
Fluid and three membranes collectively called the___________

A

Cerebrospinal ; meninges

52
Q

Three parts of the brain stem

A

Midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata

53
Q

The brain stem connects the spinal cord to the

A

Cerebrum

54
Q

The diencephalon is made up of what two parts

A

Thalamus and hypothalamus

55
Q

Five types of nerves top to bottom

A

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal

56
Q

Receptors

A

Nerve endkng that allow us to see, hear, taste, smell, and feel

57
Q

Chemoreceptors

A

Receptors that detect chemicals

58
Q

Thermoreceptors

A

Receptors that detect heat

59
Q

Photoreceptors

A

Receptors in the eyes that detect light

60
Q

Lacrimal

A

Pertaining to tears

61
Q

Nasolacrimal ducts

A

Carry tears to the nasal cavity and explains why a runny nose can accompany crying

62
Q

Cornea

A

The convex, transparent structure at the front of the eyeball.

63
Q

Retina

A

Located in the posterior part of the eye, the part that contains photoreceptors (rods and cones).

64
Q

Another name for balance

A

Equilibrium

65
Q

Function of the outer ear

A

Collects sound waves and directs them into the ear

66
Q

Cochlea

A

The part of the inner ear that contains receptors that enable us to hear.

67
Q

Semicircular canals in the ear help with what

A

Sense of balance

68
Q

Epidural hematoma

A

Blood accumulates in the epidural portion of the brain

69
Q

Three levels of the brain

A

Subdural, epidural, intracerebral

70
Q

Dura mater

A

The outmost and toughest of the three meninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord

71
Q

Subdural hematoma

A

Accumulation of blood beneath the dura mater

72
Q

Intracerebral hematoma

A

Bleeding within the brain

73
Q

Transient ischemic attack

A

A breif interruption of cerebral blood flow that causes dizziness, numbness, and weakness

74
Q

Hydrocephalus

A

Accumulation of fluid in the skull

75
Q

Cerebral aneurism

A

Localized dilation of the wall of a cerebral artery

76
Q

Akinesia

A

Complete or partial loss of muscle movement

77
Q

Anesthesia

A

Loss of sensation with or without loss consciousness.

78
Q

Aphagia

A

Inability or refusal to swallow

79
Q

Aphasia

A

An abnormal neurological condition that is an impairment of the ability to communicate through speech, writing, or signs.

80
Q

Astigmatism

A

Uneven curvature of the cornea or lens of the eye that prevents the sharp focus of an image on the retina

81
Q

Bradykinesia

A

Abnormal slowness of movement and sluggishness of mental and physical processes

82
Q

Cephalalgia

A

Headache

83
Q

Cerebral concussion

A

Loss of consciousness, either temporary or prolonged, as a result of a blow to the head

84
Q

Cerebral contusion

A

Bruising of the brain

85
Q

Cerebral hemorrhage

A

As a result the rupture of a sclerosed, diseased, or injured blood vessel in the brain

86
Q

Cerebral palsy

A

Brain disorder characterized by paralysis and lack of muscle coordination. Results from brain defects or trauma at birth

87
Q

Coma

A

State of unconsciousness from which the patient cannot be aroused, even by powerful stimulation

88
Q

Diplegia

A

Paralysis affecting like-parts on both sides of the body

89
Q

Diplopia

A

Double vision

90
Q

Dysphagia

A

Difficulty swallowing

91
Q

Dysphasia

A

Speech impairment caused by a lesion in the brain

92
Q

Encephalitis

A

Inflammation of the brain

93
Q

Encephalmalacia

A

Softening of the brain

94
Q

Encephalomeningitis

A

Inflammation of the brain and meninges

95
Q

Epilepsy

A

Neurologic disorders of seizures, sensory disturbances, or loss of consciousness

96
Q

Glaucoma

A

Abnormal condition of increased pressure within the eye

97
Q

Hemiplegia

A

Paralysis of one side of the body

98
Q

Hyperkinesia

A

Abnormally increased activity of motor function

99
Q

Hyperopia

A

Farsighted, an error of refraction in which the rays of light entering the eye are brought to a focus behind the retina

100
Q

Meniere disease

A

Chronic disease of the inner ear characterized by recurrent episodes of dizziness

101
Q

Meningitis

A

Inflammation of the meninges

102
Q

Meningocele

A

Herniation of the meninges through a defect in the skull or vertebral column

103
Q

Multiple sclerosis

A

Chronic CNS disease with progressive destruction of the myelin sheaths of the neurons

104
Q

Myasthenia gravis

A

Disease characterized by muscle weakness and abnormal fatigue

105
Q

Myelitis

A

Inflammation of bone marrow or the spinal cord

106
Q

Myopia

A

Nearsighted, a defect where rays of light are brought to focus in front of the retina

107
Q

Narcolepsy

A

Chronic disorder involving random attacks of sleep

108
Q

Neuralgia

A

Pain along the course of a nerve

109
Q

Parkinson disease

A

Chronic nervous disease characterized by a fine, slowly spreading tremor and muscle weakness

110
Q

Quadriplegia

A

Paralysis of all four extremities

111
Q

Retinal detachment

A

Separation of the retina from the back of the eye

112
Q

Shingles

A

Acute, infectious eruption of vesicles, usually on the trunk of the body along a peripheral nerve

113
Q

Tinnitus

A

Subjective ringing of one or both ears

114
Q

Akinesia

A

Loss of muscle movement

115
Q

Psychosis

A

Any major mental disorder characterized by a gross impairment in reality testing.

116
Q

Schizophrnia

A

Gross distortion if reality, fragmented thoughts, withdrawal of social interaction

117
Q

Agoraphobia

A

Fear of open spaces

118
Q

Anorexia nervosa

A

Condition characterized by anxiety and fear of becoming obese

119
Q

Neurasthenia

A

A nervous condition characterized by chronic weakness, fatigue, and exhaustion

120
Q

Autism

A

Impaired development of social interaction and communication

121
Q

Alzheimer disease

A

Progressive mental deterioration that can include confusion, memory failure, restlessness, and inability to Carey out Purposeful movement

122
Q

Analgestics

A

Agents that relieve pain without causing loss of consiousness

123
Q

Hypnotics

A

Drugs used as sedatives to produce a calming effect

124
Q

Anticonvulsives

A

Relieve or prevent convulsions

Ch 8 (7 decks)

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