ch. 9

Question 1

thermodynamics- energy

Answer 1

the capacity to do work or to produce heat

E

Question 2

kinetic energy

Answer 2

energy of motion
KE=1/2mv^2

Question 3

potential energy

Answer 3

stored energy

Question 4

heat

Answer 4

q
energy transferred between two objects caused by a temperature difference between them

Question 5

work

Answer 5

w
force acting over a distance

Question 6

state function

Answer 6

a property that is independent of the pathway

Question 7

1 joule

Answer 7

kg*m^2/s^2
meter second

Question 8

1 cal

Answer 8

4.184 J

Question 9

endothermic

Answer 9

system absorbs heat
heat flows into the system from the surroundings

Question 10

exothermic

Answer 10

system evolves heat
heat flows out of system to surrounding

Question 11

internal energy

Answer 11

E
delta E = q+w
change in internal energy

Question 12

delta E <0

Answer 12

system losing energy
exothermic

Question 13

delta E>0

Answer 13

system gains energy
endothermic

Question 14

work equation

Answer 14

w=-Pext.deltaV

Question 15

expansion

Answer 15

system/gas does work
w<0 negative work

Question 16

compression

Answer 16

work done on the system
w>0 positive work

Question 17

Enthalpy

Answer 17

H=E+PV
deltaH = q when the pressure is constant

Question 18

ideal gases kinetic energy

Answer 18

3/2RT

Question 19

molar heat capacity

Answer 19

energy required to raise temperature of 1 mole of a substance by 1K
c

Question 20

molar heat capacity under certain conditions: when volume is constant

Answer 20

Cv=3/2R

Question 21

molar heat capacity under certain conditins: constant pressure

Answer 21

Cp=Cv+R
= 5/2 R

Question 22

delta E under constant pressure and volume

Answer 22

delta E = nCvdeltaT
n(3/2R)deltaT

Question 23

delta H under constant presssure and volume

Answer 23

deltaH = nCpdeltaT
n(5/2R)deltaT

Question 24

q(heat) under constant pressure

Answer 24

nCpdeltaT
n(5/2R)deltaT

Question 24

q(heat) under constant volume

Answer 24

nCvdeltaT
n(3/2R)deltaT

Question 25

work under constant pressure

Answer 25

-pext.deltaV

Question 26

work under constant volume

Answer 26

0

Question 27

specific heat capacity

Answer 27

c=q/mdeltaT
derived from q=mcdeltaT

Question 28

calorimetry ; qsoln equation

Answer 28

qsoln = Csoln msoln deltaTsoln

Question 29

calorimetry qrxn

Answer 29

qrxn=-qsoln
when looking at qrxn look at the question to see if it is negative or positive (depending on if exothermic or endothermic)

Question 30

bomb calorimeter qrxn equation

Answer 30

qrxn=-CcaldeltaT