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chem 1b > ch. 7 > Flashcards

ch. 7 Flashcards

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1
Q

write the reaction of a standard acid base reaction
label the conjugate acid-base pairs

A

HA + H2O <—> A- + H3O+
acid + base —> conj. base + conj. Acid

HA & A-
H2O & H3O+

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2
Q

strong acids list

A

HCl
HI
H2SO4
HBr
HNO3
HClO3
HClO4

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3
Q

difference between ionization of strong acids and weak acids

A

strong acids dissociate 100% and weak acids don’t

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4
Q

difference in arrows for strong and weak acids

A

single arrow —> strong acids
double arrow <—> weak acids (equilibrium)

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5
Q

what Ka values do strong and weak acids have

A

strong acids Ka&raquo_space;1
weak acids Ka«1

amount of dissociation into product

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6
Q

conjugate acid- base relationship with strong acids and bases

A

strong acid = weak conjugate base
strong base = weak conjugate acid

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7
Q

How to determine the H+ concentration from Acid concentration when acid is Strong

A

Stoichiometry
hard arrow equation
use stoichiometry with strong acid to H+

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8
Q

how to determine H+ concentration from acid when acid is WEAK

A

ICE chart
equilibrium reaction

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9
Q

what is the equilibrium position of oure water
H2O + H2O <__> H3O+ + OH-

A

ON THE LEFTTT
water is neutral so not much acid or base is formed

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10
Q

Kw

A

Kw = [H+][OH-]
= 1x10^-14
= Ka * Kb

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11
Q

[H+][OH-] =

A

1x10^-14

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12
Q

pH =

A

-log[H+]

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13
Q

pOH=

A

-log[OH-]

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14
Q

pH+pOH =

A

14

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15
Q

determine K for acid-base reaction

A

K = Ka(reactant acid)/Ka(product acid)

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16
Q

what is the ph of very dilute solutions

A

the h+ concentration is based off what gives the most H+
in very dilute solutions water is the most prominent pH=7

17
Q

salts affecting pH
what are neutral salts

A

salts with cations of strong bases and anions of strong acids
^^ these will be neutral in solution (doesn’t affect pH)
ex: KCl, NaCl, KI

18
Q

salts affecting pH
what are basic salts

A

cations of strong bases anions of weak acids
make the solution basic
ex: NaF

19
Q

salts affecting pH
cation is conjugate acid of weak base and anion is from strong acid

A

addition makes pH acidic
ex: NH4Cl
NH4NO3

20
Q

salts affecting pH
cation is conjugate acid of weak base and anion is conjugate base of weak acid

A

acidic if Ka>Kb
basic if Kb>Ka
neutral is Ka=Kb
ex: NH4C2H3O2
NH4CN

21
Q

cation is highly charged metal ion ; anion is from strong acid

A

acidic
alno33 fecl3

chem 1b (6 decks)

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