Ch. 8 Test Flashcards
Attention
Tendency to respond to and remember some stimuli more than others at a given time.
Preattentive process
Something that stands out immediately
Attentive process
Requires focus to search for something out of place
Change blindness
The failure to detect changes in parts of a scene
Attentional blink
Difficult to perceive a stimulus when seeing one right before the next
Prototypes
Familiar or typical examples
Spreading activation
Hear one word and begin thinking about all sorts of objects that have to do with that word.
Priming
Hearing one word makes it easier to think or recognize a related word.
Confirmation bias
Excepting a hypothesis instead of looking for a correct answer
Critical thinking
Careful evaluation of evidence for and against a conclusion
Framing effect
Tendency to answer a question differently when framed or phrased different
Functional fixedness
Te de cry to use an item the same way every time it is used
Sunk cost effect
The willingness to do something because of money or effort already spent
Maximizing
Considering every possibility to find the best one
Satisficing
Searching until you only find something satisfactory
Morpheme
Unit of learning
Phoneme
A unit of sound
Broca’s area
Language center of the brain
Productivity
Ability to combine our words into sentences that express unlimited variety of ideas
Word-superiority effect
Identifying a letter more accurately when apart of a word more than alone
Cognition
Means of thinking and using knowledge
Strop effect
Tendency to read words instead of the color of ink they are written in
