Ch. 8 Test Flashcards

1
Q

Attention

A

Tendency to respond to and remember some stimuli more than others at a given time.

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2
Q

Preattentive process

A

Something that stands out immediately

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3
Q

Attentive process

A

Requires focus to search for something out of place

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4
Q

Change blindness

A

The failure to detect changes in parts of a scene

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5
Q

Attentional blink

A

Difficult to perceive a stimulus when seeing one right before the next

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6
Q

Prototypes

A

Familiar or typical examples

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7
Q

Spreading activation

A

Hear one word and begin thinking about all sorts of objects that have to do with that word.

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8
Q

Priming

A

Hearing one word makes it easier to think or recognize a related word.

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9
Q

Confirmation bias

A

Excepting a hypothesis instead of looking for a correct answer

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10
Q

Critical thinking

A

Careful evaluation of evidence for and against a conclusion

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11
Q

Framing effect

A

Tendency to answer a question differently when framed or phrased different

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12
Q

Functional fixedness

A

Te de cry to use an item the same way every time it is used

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13
Q

Sunk cost effect

A

The willingness to do something because of money or effort already spent

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14
Q

Maximizing

A

Considering every possibility to find the best one

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15
Q

Satisficing

A

Searching until you only find something satisfactory

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16
Q

Morpheme

A

Unit of learning

17
Q

Phoneme

A

A unit of sound

18
Q

Broca’s area

A

Language center of the brain

19
Q

Productivity

A

Ability to combine our words into sentences that express unlimited variety of ideas

20
Q

Word-superiority effect

A

Identifying a letter more accurately when apart of a word more than alone

21
Q

Cognition

A

Means of thinking and using knowledge

22
Q

Strop effect

A

Tendency to read words instead of the color of ink they are written in