Ch. 8 Reading Guide Flashcards
what is the difference between an anabolic and catabolic pathway?
anabolic consumes energy, and catabolic releases energy
The 4 different types of energy
Kinetic, heat/thermal, chemical, potential
First law of thermodynamics
energy can be transferred and transformed, but it cannot be created or destroyed
organisms lose a lot of energy in the form of what?
heat
How can you figure out if the process will be spontaneous or not?
if the process decreases the system’s free energy, then it is spontaneous. Processes that have positive or zero free energy are not spontaneous
what happens in an exergonic and endergonic reaction?
endergonic reactions absorbs energy, and exergonic releases free energy
what happens to a cell that reaches metabolic equilibrium?
the cell can longer do any work and is dead
list and explain the three types of work a cell does.
chemical reactions: endergonic nonspontaneous reactions
transport work: pumping substances across membranes
explain the structure of ATP
a sugar ribose, nitrogenous base adenine, and a chain of three phosphate groups
where is energy stored in the molecule of ATP
the bonds between phosphate groups
what is needed to start a reaction?
the breaking and forming of bonds
What do enzymes do to activation energy
activation energy is lowered within enzymes
how are competitive and noncompetitive inhibitors different?
competitive block substrates and reduce productivity of enzymes. Noncompetitive do not block and let substrates and enzymes bind.
why is feedback inhibition important in cells
prevents a cell from wasting chemical resources by synthesizing more product than is needed
