Ch. 8 (Michelle)

Question 1

Understand the differences between P and S waves (S waves do not transmit through liquids)

Answer 1

P-waves can travel through solids and liquids whereas S-waves can only travel through solids.

S waves: secondary waves
P waves: First waves

Question 2

Understand how to identify the location of an earthquake using seismographs

Answer 2

Measure the distance between the first P wave and the first S wave.

Question 3

Explain the difference between an earthquake focus and epicenter

Answer 3

The focus is the point within the earth where seismic waves originate; it is centered on the part of the fault that has the greatest movement. The epicenter is on the earth’s surface directly above the focus.

Question 4

Understand the concept of liquifaction

Answer 4

Liquefaction is a process in which a solid (like soil) takes on the characteristics of a liquid.

Three things needed for liquifaction to occur are loose soil, an earthquake, water (saturation)

Question 5

Understand Earth’s layering (inner/outer core> mantle> asthenoshphere (upper mantle), crust/lithosphere

Answer 5

The inner core is in the centre and is the hottest part of the Earth.
The outer core is the layer surrounding the inner core.
The mantle is the widest section of the Earth.
The crust is the outer layer of the earth.

Question 6

Why does Earth’s density increase from the surface to the core?

Answer 6

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