Ch 8 Joints miscellaneous

Question 1

What is Synostosis?

Answer 1

Fully ossified suture!

Question 2

Periodontal ligaments?

Answer 2

Around teeth ligaments!

Question 2

Syndesmoses

Answer 2

Bones farther apart than suture. Joined by ligaments. Some movement. Example is Radioulnar joint.

Question 3

Gomphoses

Answer 3

Pegs fit into sockets Example is teeth connected to alveolar processes by periodontal ligaments.

Question 3

What are the characteristics of fibrous joints?

Answer 3

United by fibrous connective tissue, no joint cavity, and move little or none.

Question 3

Three types of fibrous joints?

Answer 3

Sutures, Syndesmoses, Gomphoses

Question 3

Synchondroses

Answer 3

Little or no movement. Most of these are temporary. (Epiphyseal plate to line.) Hyaline cartilage, prime example epiphyseal plate also first rib

Question 4

Symphyses

Answer 4

Slightly movable. Fibrocartilage in meniscus in knee, and intervertebral discs, and symphysis pubis (mainly symphysis pubis!)

Question 5

Some of the costochondral joints stay synchondrosis but

Answer 5

most of them become synovial joints

Question 6

Proprioception

Answer 6

Brain knows where your joints are without looking (mind tag position)

Question 7

Joints are named by?

Answer 7

Bones/parts united, only one bone, Latin equivalent of common name.

Question 8

Three structural classifications of joints?

Answer 8

Fibrous, Cartilaginous, and synovial.

Question 9

Suture

Answer 9

Bones interdigitate, Periosteum continuous.

Question 10

What does a Synovial joint capsule contain?

Answer 10

Synovial fluid, Synovial membrane, Fibrous Capsule.

Question 11

What are bursae?

Answer 11

Pockets of synovial membrane. Contains synovial fluid and provides a cushion between structures.

Question 12

Meniscus

Answer 12

Fibrocartilage pad in knee

Question 13

Inflammed bursae

Answer 13

Bursitis

Question 14

Tendon sheath

Answer 14

Synovial tissue forming bursae that surround tendons for some distance.

Question 15

Prepatellar bursitis

Answer 15

“Housemaid’s knee”

Question 16

Plane (gliding) joints

Answer 16

Uniaxial. Some rotaion possible but limited. Intervertebral.

Question 17

Saddle Joints

Answer 17

Biaxial. Thumb and carpometacarpal pollicis.

Question 18

Hinge Joint

Answer 18

Uniaxial. Convex cylinder in one bone; concavity in the other. Ex. Elbow, “knee”, ankle, interphalangeal.

Question 19

Pivot Joints

Answer 19

Uniaxial. Rotation around a single axis. Cylindrical bony process rotating within a circle of bone and ligament. Dens of axis and atlas, proximal radioulnar.

Question 20

Ball-and-socket joints

Answer 20

Multiaxial. Ex. shoulder, hip joints.

Question 21

Ellipsoid Joints

Answer 21

Modified ball-and-socket; articular surfaces ellipsoid. Biaxial. Ex. Atlantooccipital