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Medical Terminology > Ch. 8: Female Reproductive > Flashcards

Ch. 8: Female Reproductive Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

What is sexual reproduction?

A

the union of the nuclei of ovum & sperm cell

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2
Q

What are ovum & sperm cells called?

A

gametes

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3
Q

How many chromosomes does each gamete contain?

A

23: half the # of chromosomes of a normal body cell

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4
Q

Where are gametes produced?

A

gonads- ovaries & testes

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5
Q

Describe the process of fertilization.

A

An ovum leaves the ovaries and travels through the fallopian tube. Fertilization takes place if sperm cells are present and unite with the ovum. The fertilized egg implants and then divides to form a ball of cells, called a zygote (later an embryo and then fetus)

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6
Q

Menstruation: Day 1-5

A

blood cells, endometrial cells, glandular secretions discharge from body

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7
Q

Menstruation: Day 6-12

A

Estrogen helps repair endometrium. Ovum grows in follicle

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8
Q

Menstruation: Day 13-14

A

Egg leaves the ovary & passes through the fallopian tube (ovulation)

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9
Q

Day 15-28

A

The corpus luteum secretes progesterone; uterus lining builds up

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10
Q

Where does the egg implant if there is fertilization

A

in the uterine endometrium

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11
Q

Where does the placenta attach?

A

to the uterine wall

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12
Q

What holds the fetus in an amniotic cavity?

A

amnion

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13
Q

What does the placenta produce?

A

hCG

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14
Q

What maintains placenta development?

A

progesterone

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15
Q

Normal delivery of baby is:

A

cephalic presentation (head first)

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16
Q

What does the pituitary secrete for women?

A

FSH & LH

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17
Q

When does the pituitary stop producing FSH & LH?

A

during pregnancy, with oral contraceptives

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18
Q

adnexae uteri

A

fallopian tubes, ovaries, and supporting ligaments

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19
Q

amnion

A

innermost membranous sac surrounding the developing fetus

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20
Q

areola

A

dark pigmented area surrounding the breast nipple

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21
Q

gonad

A

female or male reproductive organ that produces sex cells and hormones; ovary or testis

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22
Q

gynecology

A

study of the female reproductive organs, including the breasts

23
Q

human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

A

hormone produced by the placenta to sustain pregnancy by stimulating ovaries to produce estrogen and progesterone

24
Q

LH

A

secreted by the pituitary gland to promote ovulation

25
Q

mammary papilla

A

nipple of the breast

26
Q

menarche

A

beginning of the FIRST menstrual period and ability to reproduce

27
Q

menopause

A

gradual ending of menstruation

28
Q

menstruation

A

monthly shedding of the uterine lining

29
Q

myometrium

A

muscle layer of the uterus

30
Q

neonatology

A

branch of medicine that studies disorders and care of the newborn (neonate)

31
Q

obstetrics

A

the branch of medicine concerned with pregnancy and childbirth

32
Q

orifice

A

an opening

33
Q

ovarian follicle

A

developing sac enclosing each ovum within the ovary

34
Q

parturition

A

act of giving birth

35
Q

perineum

A

area between anus & vagina in females

36
Q

pituitary gland

A

endocrine gland at base of brain that produces hormones to stimulate the ovaries; also regulates other endocrine organs

37
Q

vagina

A

muscular canal extending from the uterus to the exterior of the body

38
Q

vulva

A

external female genitalia; includes labia, hymen, clitoris, and vaginal orifice

39
Q

zygote

A

the stage in prenatal development from fertilization and implantation to 2 weeks

40
Q

Which term means removal of the breast?

A

mastectomy

41
Q

Pathology: abruptio placentae

A

premature separation of the normally implanted placenta

42
Q

Pathology: choriocarcinoma

A

malignant tumor of the placenta

43
Q

Ectopic pregnancy

A

misplaced implantation of egg

44
Q

placenta previa

A

baby’s placenta partially or totally covers the opening in the mother’s cervix — the lower end of the uterus that connects to the top of the vagina. Placenta previa can cause severe bleeding before or during delivery.

45
Q

preeclampsia

A

abnormal condition associated with pregnancy, marked by high blood pressure, proteinuria, edema, headache

46
Q

down syndrome

A

chromosomal abnormality

47
Q

erythroblastosis fetalis

A

hemolytic disease from RN factor

48
Q

hyaline membrane disease

A

acute lung disease in premature

49
Q

hydrocephalus

A

fluid in brain

50
Q

meconium aspiration syndrome

A

abnormal stool from newborn

51
Q

pyloric stenosis

A

narrowing of opening of stomach to duodenum

52
Q

Para 2-0-1-2

A

a woman’s reproductive history: 2 full term infants, 0 preterm, 1 abortion, and 2 living children

53
Q

Grav

A

number of times pregnant

Medical Terminology (16 decks)

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