Ch. 8: Female Reproductive Flashcards
What is sexual reproduction?
the union of the nuclei of ovum & sperm cell
What are ovum & sperm cells called?
gametes
How many chromosomes does each gamete contain?
23: half the # of chromosomes of a normal body cell
Where are gametes produced?
gonads- ovaries & testes
Describe the process of fertilization.
An ovum leaves the ovaries and travels through the fallopian tube. Fertilization takes place if sperm cells are present and unite with the ovum. The fertilized egg implants and then divides to form a ball of cells, called a zygote (later an embryo and then fetus)
Menstruation: Day 1-5
blood cells, endometrial cells, glandular secretions discharge from body
Menstruation: Day 6-12
Estrogen helps repair endometrium. Ovum grows in follicle
Menstruation: Day 13-14
Egg leaves the ovary & passes through the fallopian tube (ovulation)
Day 15-28
The corpus luteum secretes progesterone; uterus lining builds up
Where does the egg implant if there is fertilization
in the uterine endometrium
Where does the placenta attach?
to the uterine wall
What holds the fetus in an amniotic cavity?
amnion
What does the placenta produce?
hCG
What maintains placenta development?
progesterone
Normal delivery of baby is:
cephalic presentation (head first)
What does the pituitary secrete for women?
FSH & LH
When does the pituitary stop producing FSH & LH?
during pregnancy, with oral contraceptives
adnexae uteri
fallopian tubes, ovaries, and supporting ligaments
amnion
innermost membranous sac surrounding the developing fetus
areola
dark pigmented area surrounding the breast nipple
gonad
female or male reproductive organ that produces sex cells and hormones; ovary or testis
gynecology
study of the female reproductive organs, including the breasts
human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
hormone produced by the placenta to sustain pregnancy by stimulating ovaries to produce estrogen and progesterone
LH
secreted by the pituitary gland to promote ovulation
