Ch. 11: Cardiovascular System

Question 1

Arteries

Answer 1

vessels that lead away from the heart

Question 2

veins

Answer 2

have thinner walls than arteries and move deoxygenated blood toward the heart from the tissues

Question 3

capillaries

Answer 3

smallest vessels; form the point of exchange for oxygen and nutrients into body cells and waste products coming from body cells

Question 4

diastole

Answer 4

relaxation

Question 5

systole

Answer 5

contraction

Question 6

how many times does the diastole-systole cycle occur per minute?

Answer 6

70-80 times

Question 7

the heart pumps how many ounces of blood with each contraction?

Answer 7

3 ounces

Question 8

blood pressure

Answer 8

the force that blood exerts on arterial walls

Question 9

what is blood pressure measured by?

Answer 9

sphygmomanometer

Question 10

what is hypertension?

Answer 10

when BP>140/99mm Hg

Question 11

sphygmomanometer

Answer 11

an instrument to measure blood pressure

Question 12

systemic circulation

Answer 12

flow of blood from body tissue to the heart and back

Question 13

systole

Answer 13

contraction phase of heartbeat

Question 14

thrombus

Answer 14

blood clot (DVT if in the lower extremity)

Question 15

tricuspid valve

Answer 15

located between the RA & RV; has 3 leaflets or cusps

Question 16

brachi/o

Answer 16

arm

Question 17

cardi/o

Answer 17

heart

Question 18

cholesterol/o

Answer 18

cholesterol

Question 19

coron/o

Answer 19

heart

Question 20

cyan/o

Answer 20

blue

Question 21

myx/o

Answer 21

mucus

Question 22

ox/o

Answer 22

oxygen

Question 23

pericardi/o

Answer 23

pericardium

Question 24

phleb/o

Answer 24

vein

Question 25

sphygm/o

Answer 25

pulse

Question 26

steth/o

Answer 26

chest

Question 27

thromb/o

Answer 27

clot

Question 28

the double-layered membrane surrounding the heart is the:

Answer 28

percardium

Question 29

congenital heart disease: tetralogy of fallot

Answer 29

Tetralogy of Fallot (teh-TRAL-uh-jee of fuh-LOW) is a rare condition caused by a combination of four heart defects that are present at birth.

These defects, which affect the structure of the heart, cause oxygen-poor blood to flow out of the heart and to the rest of the body. Infants and children with tetralogy of Fallot usually have blue-tinged skin because their blood doesn’t carry enough oxygen.C

Question 30

Congestive heart disease (CHF)

Answer 30

the heart is unable to pump the required amount of blood

Question 31

coronary artery disease (CAD)

Answer 31

atherosclerosis- fatty plaque; thrombotic occlusion (non-moving clot), emboli(moving), ischemia, necrosis, infarction

Question 32

Acute coronary syndromes (ACS)

Answer 32

unstable angina, myocardial infarction

Question 33

Drug therapies for CAD

Answer 33

Nitrates (nitroglycerin)- vasodilators, which lower BP

Question 34

Pathology: blood vessels

Answer 34

aneurysm (ballooning of blood vessel), deep vein thrombosis, hypertension, peripheral vascular disease, raynaud disease, varicose veins, petechiae

Question 35

X-Rays for blood vessels

Answer 35

angiography & arteriography, computerized tomography angiography, digital subtraction angiography, electron beam computed tomography

Question 36

Ultrasound tests for blood vessels

Answer 36

doppler ultrasound, echocardiography

Question 37

echocardiogram

Answer 37

An echocardiogram (also called an echo) is a type of ultrasound test that uses high-pitched sound waves that are sent through a device called a transducer. The device picks up echoes of the sound waves as they bounce off the different parts of your heart.

Question 38

Cardiac catherization

Answer 38

surgical

Question 39

ECG, EKG

Answer 39

quick & inexpensive

Question 40

Holter monitoring

Answer 40

24 month long assessment