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Med Term > Ch 8 Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Ch 8 Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

Tubular space or channel within any organ or structure of the body

A

Lumen

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2
Q

the contraction phase

A

systole

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3
Q

aneurysm/o

A

widened blood vessel

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4
Q

angi/o

A

vessel

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5
Q

ather/o

A

fatty plaque

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6
Q

hemangi/o

A

blood vessel

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7
Q

sept/o

A

septum

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8
Q

sphygm/o

A

pulse

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9
Q

sten/o

A

narrowing

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10
Q

-sphyxia

A

pulse

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11
Q

the relaxation phase

A

diastole

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12
Q

localized abnormal dilation of a vessel usually an artery

A

aneurysm

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13
Q

soft blowing sound heard on auscultation, possibly due to vibrations associated with the mov’t of blood, vavular action, or both; also called a murmur

A

bruit

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14
Q

any disease or weakening of heart muscle that diminishes cardiac function

A

cardiomyopathy

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15
Q

narrowing of a vessel especially the aorta

A

coarctation

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16
Q

blood clot that forms in the deep veins of the body, especially those in the legs or thighs

A

deep vein thrombosis DVT

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17
Q

calculation of how much blood a ventricle can eject with one contraction

A

ejection fraction

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18
Q

quivering or spontaneous muscle contractions, especially of the heart, causing ineffectual contractions

A

fibrillation

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19
Q

arrest of bleeding or circulation

A

hemostasis

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20
Q

implantable battery-powered device that monitors and automatically corrects ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation by sending electrical impulses to the heart

A

implantable cardioverter-defibrillator ICD

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21
Q

area of tissue that undergoes necrosis following cessation of blood supply

A

infarct

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22
Q

local and temporary deficiency of blood supply due to circulatory obstruction

A

ischemia

23
Q

common and occasionally serious condition in which the leaflets of the mitral valve prolapse into the left atrium during systole causing a characteristic murmur heard on auscultation

A

mitral valve prolapse

24
Q

chemical radioactive material used as a tracer to follow a substance through the body or a structure

A

radioisotope

25
Q

failure of the ductus arteriosus to close after birth, allowing blood to flow from the aorta into the pulmonary (lung) artery

A

patent ductus arteriosus

26
Q

circulation of blood through tissues or the passage of fluids through vessels of an organ

A

perfusion

27
Q

congenital anomaly consisting of four elements: 1. pulmonary artery stenosis 2. interventricular septal defect 3. transposition of the aoirta so that both ventricles empty into the aorta 4. right ventricular hypertrophy caused by increased workload of the right ventricle

A

tetralogy of Fallot

28
Q

slender or threadlike device used to hold open vessels, tubes, or obstructed arteries

A

stent

29
Q

blood clot that obstructs a vessel

A

thrombus

30
Q

ECG taken with a small portable recording system capable of storing up to 24 hours of ECG tracings

A

Holter monitor test

31
Q

blood test that measures troponin T, troponin I, and creatinine kinase

A

cardiac enzyme studies

32
Q

series of tests used to assess risk factors of ischemic heart disease

A

lipid panel

33
Q

nuclear procedure that uses radioactive tracers to produce movie-like images of the structures of the heart, including the myocardium and the mitral and tricuspid valves

A

multiple-gated aquisition MUGA

34
Q

imaging technique that provides a graphic display of heart sound and murmurs during the cardiac cycle

A

phonocardiography

35
Q

diagnostic test that uses radiation emitted by the body after an injection of radioactive substances to create images of various organs or identify body functions and diseases

A

scintigraphy

36
Q

injection of a chemical irritant into a vein to produce inflammation and fibrosis that destroys the lumen of the vein

A

sclerotherapy

37
Q

radiography of a vein after injection of a contrast medium to detect incomplete filling of a vein, which indicates obstruction

A

venography

38
Q

procedure to restore normal rhythm of the heart by applying a controlled electrical shock to the exterior of the chest

A

cardioversion

39
Q

technique used to block blood flow to a site by passing a catheter to the area and injecting a synthetic material or medication specially designed to occlude the blood vessel

A

embolization

40
Q

procedure that alters a vessel through surgery or dilation of the vessel using a balloon catheter

A

angioplasty

41
Q

surgical procedure that uses a vessel graft from another part of the body to bypass the blocked part of a coronary artery and restore blood supply to the heart muscle

A

coronary artery bypass graft

42
Q

dilation of an occluded vessel using a balloon catheter under fluoroscopic guidance

A

percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

43
Q

removal of a material from an occluded vessel using a specially designed catheter fitted with a cutting or grinding device

A

atherectomy

44
Q

destruction of conduction tissue of the heart to interrupt the abnormal conduction pathway causing the arrhythmia, thus allowing normal heart rhythm to resume

A

catheter ablation

45
Q

surgical separation if the leaflets or the mitral valve, which have fused together at their points of touching

A

commissurotomy

46
Q

procedure used to remove or treat varicose veins

A

laser ablation

47
Q

tying a varicose vein followed by removal of the affected segment

A

ligation and stripping

48
Q

surgical procedure performed on or within the exposed heart, usually with the assistance of a heart-lung machine

A

open heart surgery

49
Q

puncturing of the pericardium to remove excess fluid from the pericardial sac or to test for protein, sugar, and enzymes or determine the causative organism of pericarditis

A

pericardiocentesis

50
Q

destruction of a blood clot using anticlotting agents called clot busters, such as tissue plasminogen activator

A

thrombolysis

51
Q

incision of a valve to increase the size of the opening; used in treating mitral stenosis

A

valvotomy

52
Q

dilate blood vessels of the heart, causing an increase in the amount of oxygen delivered to the myocardium, and decrease venous return and arterial resistance, which decreases myocardial oxygen demand and relieves angina

A

nitrates

53
Q

lower cholesterol in the blood and reduce its production in the liver by blocking the enzyme that produces it

A

statins

Med Term (12 decks)

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