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Med Term > Ch 14 Nervous System > Flashcards

Ch 14 Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

carry or move inward or toward a central structure

A

afferent

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2
Q

protective mechanism that blocks specific substances found in the bloodstream from entering delicate brain tissue

A

blood brain barrier

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3
Q

network of nervous tissue found in the brain and spinal cord

A

central nervous system CNS

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4
Q

carry or move away from a central structure

A

efferent

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5
Q

additional sheath external to myelin that is formed by Schwann cells and found only on axons in the peripheral nervous system

A

neurilemma

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6
Q

dendr/o

A

tree

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7
Q

crani/o

A

cranium/skull

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8
Q

gli/o

A

glue, neuroglial tissue

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9
Q

lept/o

A

thin,slender

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10
Q

lex/o

A

word, phrase

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11
Q

radicul/o

A

nerve root

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12
Q

sthen/o

A

strength

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13
Q

thec/o

A

sheath

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14
Q

ton/o

A

tension

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15
Q

-algesia

A

pain

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16
Q

-asthenia

A

weakness, debility

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17
Q

-lepsy

A

seizure

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18
Q

-paresis

A

partial paralysis

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19
Q

-taxia

A

order, coordination

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20
Q

pachy-

A

thick

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21
Q

syn

A

union, together, joined

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22
Q

Inability to comprehend auditory, visual, spatial, olfactory, or other sensation even though the sensory sphere is intact.

A

agnosia

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23
Q

Weakness, debility, or loss of strength

A

asthesia

24
Q

Lack or muscle coordination in the execution of voluntary movement

A

ataxia

25
Q

Premonitory awareness of an approaching physical or mental disorder, peculiar sensation that precedes seizures

A

aura

26
Q

Developmental disorder characterized by extreme withdrawal and an abnormal absorption in fantasy, usually accompanied by an inability to communicate even on a basic level.

A

autism

27
Q

Injury to the head in which the dura mater remains intact and brain tissue is not exposed

A

closed head trauma

28
Q

Abnormally deep unconsciousness with absence of voluntary response to stimuli

A

coma

29
Q

Injury to the brain, occasionally with transient loss of consciousness as a result of injury or trauma to the head

A

concussion

30
Q

Any sudden and violent contraction of one of more muscles

A

convulsion

31
Q

Broad term that refers to cognitive deficit, including memory impairment

A

dementia

32
Q

Autoimmune condition that causes acute inflammation of the peripheral nerves in which myelin sheaths on the axons are destroyed, resulting in decreased nerve impulses, loss of reflex response, and sudden muscle weakness

A

Guillain-Barre syndrome

33
Q

Painful acture infectious disease of the posterior root ganglia of only a few segments of the spinal or cranial nerves; also called shingles

A

herpes zoster

34
Q

Inherited disease of the CNS characterized by quick, involuntary movements, speech disturbances, and mental deterioration

A

Huntington chorea

35
Q

Accumulation of fluid in the ventricles of the brain, causing increased intracranial pressure (ICP), thinning of brain tissue, and separation of cranial bones

A

hydrocephalus

36
Q

Nonpsychotic mental illness that triggers feelings of distress and anxiety and impairs normal behavior

A

neurosis

37
Q

Paralysis, usually partial and commonly characterized by weakness and shaking or uncontrolled tremor

A

palsy

38
Q

Facial paralysis caused by a functional disorder of the 7th cranial nerve, associated with herpes virus

A

Bell’s palsy

39
Q

Type of paralysis that affects movement and body position and sometimes speech and learning ability

A

cerebral palsy

40
Q

Major emotional disorder in which contact with reality is lost to the point that the individual is incapable of meeting challenges of daily life

A

psychosis

41
Q

Defect in which the neural tube fails to close during embryogenesis

A

spina bifida

42
Q

sensation of numbness, prickling, tingling, or heightened sensitivity

A

paresthesia

43
Q

inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord caused by a virus, commonly resulting in spinal and muscle deformity and paralysis

A

poliomyelitis

44
Q

Acute encephalopathy and fatty infiltration of the brain, liver, and possibly the pancreas, heart, kidney, spleen, and lymph nodes

A

Reye syndrome

45
Q

Severe pain in the leg along the course of the sciatic nerve felt at the base of the spine, down the thigh, and radiating down the leg due to a compressed nerve

A

sciatica

46
Q

General type of seizure characterized by the loss of consciousness and stiffening of the body followed by rhythmic jerking movements

A

tonic-clonic seizure

47
Q

Temporary interference with blood supply to the brain lasting from a few minutes to a few hours

A

transient ischemic attack (TIA)

48
Q

Recording of electrical activity in the brain, whose cells emit distinct patterns of rhythmic electrical impulses

A

electroencephalography (EEG)

49
Q

Recording of electrical signals that occur in a muscle when it is at rest and during contraction to assess nerve damage

A

electromyography (EMG)

50
Q

Needle puncture of the spinal cavity to extract spinal fluid for diagnostic purposes, introduce anesthetic agents into the spinal canal, or remove fluid to allow other fluids to be injected

A

Lumbar puncture

51
Q

test that measures the speed at which impulses travel through a nerve

A

nerve conduction velocity (NCV)

52
Q

Series of chemical, microscopic, and microbial tests used to diagnose disorders of the CNS, including viral and bacterial infections, tumors, and hemorrhage

A

cerebrospinal fluid CSF analysis

53
Q

Precise method of locating and destroying sharply circumscribed lesion on specific tiny areas of pathological tissue in deep-seated structures of the CNS

A

stereotaxic radiosurgery

54
Q

Partial destruction of the thalamus to treat intractable pain, involuntary movements, or emotional disturbances

A

thalamotomy

55
Q

Transection of a nerve tract in the brainstem or spinal cord

A

tractotomy

56
Q

Techinique that cuts a circular opening into the skull to reveal brain tissue and decrease intracranial pressure

A

trephination

57
Q

Interruption of the function of the vagus nerve to relieve peptic ulcer

A

vagotomy

Med Term (12 decks)

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