Ch 13 Endocrine System Flashcards
Simple sugar that is the end product of carbohydrate digestion
Glucose
Hormone produced by pancreatic alpha cells that increases the blood glucose level by stimulating the liver to change stored glycogen to glucose
Glucagon
Chemical substances produced by specialized cells of the body that are released slowly in minute amounts directly into the bloodstream
Hormones
Hormone produced by pancreatic beta cells that acts to remove sugar from the blood by promoting its storage in tissues as carbs
Insulin
Agent that mimics the effects of the sympathetic nervous system
Sympathomimetic
Crin/o
Secrete
Kal/i
Potassium
-crine
Secrete
-dipsia
Thirst
Chronic metabolic disorder characterized by a gradual marked enlargement and thickening of the bones of the face and jaw
Acromegaly
Multi system autoimmune disorder characterized by pronounced hyperthyroidism usually associated with enlarged thyroid glands and abnormal protrusion of the eyeball
Graves’ disease
Abnormal protrusion of the eyeball
Exophthalmos
Excessive distribution of body hair especially in women
Hirsutism
Abnormal increase in the volume of circulating fluid in the body
Hypervolemia
Abnormal Condition of low sodium in the blood
Hyponatremia
Excessive amount of potassium in the blood
Hyperkalemia
Tumor of the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas
Insulinoma
Total pituitary impairment that bring about a progressive and general loss of hormone activity
Panhypopituitarism
Small chromaffin cell tumor usually located in the adrenal medulla
Pheochromocytoma
Crisis of uncontrolled hyperthyroidism caused by the release into the bloodstream of increased amount of thyroid hormone
Thyroid storm
Masculine or having characteristics of a man
Virile
Masculinization in a woman or development of male secondary sex characteristics in the woman
Virilism
Test that measures the degree of forward displacement of the eyeball as seen in Graves’ disease
Exophthalmometry
Test that measures the body’s ability to metabolize carbs by administering a standard dose of glucose and measuring glucose levels in the blood and urine at regular intervals
Glucose tolerance test GTT
Test that determines insulin levels in serum by administering insulin and measuring blood glucose levels in blood at regular intervals
Insulin tolerance test
Test that measures the concentration of thyroxine in a blood sample
Protein bound iodine
Test that measures calcium to detect bone and parathyroid disorders
Total calcium
Administration of radioactive iodine RAI orally or intravenously as a tracer to test how quickly the thyroid gland takes up iodine from the blood
Radioactive iodine uptake RAIU
Micro dissection of a tumor using a binocular surgical microscope or magnification
Microneurosurgery of the pituitary gland
