Ch 5 Integumentary System Flashcards
Small slit or crack like sore that extends into the dermal layer; could be caused by continuous inflammation and drying
Fissure
Linear scratch marks or traumatized abrasions of the epidermis
Ex scratches, abrasions, chemical or thermal burns
Excoriations
An open sore or lesion that extends to the dermis and usually heals with scarring
Ex pressure sore, basal cell carcinoma
Ulcer
Malignancy of the basal layer of the epidermis or hair follicles
Basal cell carcinoma
Arises from skin that undergoes pathological hardening of epidermal cells
Squamous cell carcinoma
Neoplasm composed of abnormal melanocytes that commonly begin in a darkly pigmented mole
Malignant melanoma
Localized collection of pus at the site of an infection
Abscess
Inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles of the skin with characteristic lesions that include blackheads, inflammatory papules, pustules, nodules, and cysts usually associated with seborrhea
Acne
Partial or complete loss of hair resulting from normal aging, an endocrine disorder, a drug reaction, anticancer medication, or a skin disease; commonly called baldness
Alopecia
Form of intraepidermal carcinoma characterized by red-brown scaly or crusted lesions that resemble a patch of psoriasis or dermatitis
Bowen disease
Diffuse (widespread) acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue
Cellulitis
Pigmentary skin discoloration usually occurring in yellowish brown patches or spots
Chloasma
Typical small skin lesion of acne vulgaris caused by accumulation of keratin, bacteria, and dried sebum plugging an excretory duct of the skin
Comedo
Infection of the skin caused by fungi
Dermatomycosis
Chronic skin inflammation characterized by erythema, papules, vesicles, pustules, scales, crusts, scabs, and possibly itching
Eczema
Redness of the skin caused by swelling of the capillaries
Erythema
Damaged tissue following a severe burn
Eschar
Inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles of the skin with characteristic lesions that include blackheads, inflammatory papules, pustules, nodules, and cysts; usually associated with seborrhea
Acne
Bacterial skin infection characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture
Impetigo
Thickened area of the epidermis or any horny growth on the skin (such as a callus or wart)
Keratosis
Unnatural paleness or absence of color in the skin
Pallor
Partial or complete loss of hair resulting from normal aging, an endocrine disorder, a drug reaction, anticancer medication, or a skin disease commonly called baldness
Alopecia
Infestation with lice, transmitted by personal contact or common use of brushes, combs, or headgear
Pediculosis
Minute, pinpoint hemorrhage under the skin
Petechia
Skin ulceration caused by prolonged pressure from lying in one position that prevents blood flow to the tissues, usually in bedridden patients
Pressure ulcer
Intense itching
Pruritus
Chronic skin disease characterized by circumscribed red patches covered by thick, dry, silvery, adherent scales caused by excessive development of the basal layer of the epidermis
Psoriasis
Any of several bleeding disorders characterized by hemorrhage into the tissues, particularly beneath the skin or mucous membranes, producing echhymoses or petechiae
Purpura
Contagious skin disease transmitted by the itch mite, commonly through sexual contact
Scabies
Fungal skin infection whose name commonly indicates the body part affected; also called ringworm
Tinea
Allergic reaction of the skin characterized by the eruption of pale red, elevated patches called wheals or hives
Urticaria
Epidermal growth caused by a virus; also known as warts. Types include plantar warts, juvenile warts, and venereal warts
Verruca
Localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk-white patches
Vitiligo
Any test in which a suspected allergen or sensitizer is applied to or injected into the skin to determine the patient’s sensitivity to it
Skin Test
Skin test that identifies suspected allergens by subcutaneously injecting small amounts of extracts of the suspected allergens and observing the skin for a subsequent reaction
Intradermal skin test
Skin test that identifies suspected allergens by topical application of the substance to be tested (such as food, pollen, and animal fur), usually on the forearm and observing for a subsequent reaction
Patch skin test
Skin test that identifies suspected allergens by placing a small quantity of the suspected allergen on a lightly scratched area of the skin
Scratch (prick) skin test
Chemical removal of the outer layers of the skin to treat acne scarring and general keratoses
Chemical peel
Removal of necrotized tissues from a wound by surgical excision, enzymes, or chemical agents
Debridement
Rubbing using wire brushes or sandpaper to mechanically scrape away the epidermis
Dermabrasion
Tissue destruction by means of high-frequency electric current; also called electrodessication
Fulguration
Surgical procedure to transplant healthy tissue by applying it to an injured site
Skin graft
Transplantation of healthy tissue from one person to another person
Allograft/ Homograft
Transplantation of healthy tissue from one site to another site in the same individual
Autograft
Transplantation of artificial skin produced from collagen fibers arranged in a lattice pattern
Synthetic
Transplantation (dermis only) from a foreign donor (usually a pig) and transferred to a human
Xenograft/Heterograft
Alter the cell wall of fungi or disrupt enzyme activity resulting in cell death
antifungals
Inhibit allergic reactions of inflammation, redness, and itching caused by the release of histamine
antihistimines
Topically applied agents that inhibit growth of bacteria, thus preventing infections in cuts, scratches, and surgical incisions
Antiseptics
Decrease inflammation and itching by suppressing the immune system’s inflammatory response to tissue damage
Corticosteroids
Destroy and soften the outer layer of skin so that it is sloughed off or shed
Keratolytics
Kill insect parasites, such as mites and lice
Parasiticides
Cover, cool, dry, or soothe inflamed skin
Protectives
Block sensation of pain by numbing the skin layers and mucous membranes
Topical anesthetics
Form of intraepidermal carcinoma characterized by red brown scaly or crusted lesions that resemble a patch of psoriasis or dermatitis
Bowen disease
Diffuse (widespread) acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue
Cellulitis
Pigmentary skin discoloration usually occurring in yellowish crown patches or spots
Chloasma
Typical small skin lesion of acne vulgaris caused by accumulation of keratin, bacteria, and dried sebum plugging an excretory duct of the skin
Comedo
Skin discoloration consisting of large, irregularly formed hemorrhagic area with colors changing from blue-black to greenish brown or yellow; commonly called a bruise
Ecchymosis
Small brown macules, especially on the face and arms, brought on by sun exposure, usually in a middle-aged or older person
Lentigo
Ichthy
Dry scaly
Pil/o
Hair
