Ch 8

Question 1

Energy for nearly all life comes from

Answer 1

Photosynthesis

Question 2

Formula for photosynthesis

Answer 2

6CO2 + 12H2O –> C6 H12 O6 + 6H2O + 6O2

Question 3

Where are chloroplasts located?

Answer 3

Specialized leaf tissues called parenchyma or mesophyll

Question 4

Light-dependent reactions

Answer 4

Capture light energy to make ATP and NADPH

Question 5

Light-independent reactions

Answer 5

Use energy from ATP and NADPH to synthesize glucose from CO2

Question 6

Where do light-depending reactions take place?

Answer 6

Thylakoid membrane

Question 7

Thylakoids contain…

Answer 7

Choropyll A and accessory pigments

Question 8

Grana

Answer 8

Stacks of thylakoids

Question 9

Stroma

Answer 9

Semiliquid substance surrounding thylakoids, site of light-independent reactions

Question 10

Photon

Answer 10

Discrete packet of light energy

Shorter wavelengths = higher energy

Question 11

Photoelectric effect

Answer 11

Removal of an electron from a molecule by light energy

Question 12

Pigments

Answer 12

Molecules that absorb light

Question 13

Chlorophyll A

Answer 13

Primary photosynthetic pigment in plants and Cyanobacteria

Question 14

Chlorophyll B

Answer 14

Secondary or accessory pigment

Question 15

Porphyrin ring

Answer 15

Ring with alternating double and single bonds, with Mg at the center

Question 16

Two components of a photosystem

Answer 16

An antenna complex of 100s of accessory pigment molecules

A reaction center of one or more chlorophyll A molecules

Question 17

Primary photoevent

Answer 17

Absorption of a photon by a pigment molecule

Question 18

Change separation

Answer 18

Transfer of energy to the reaction center, followed by the transfer of an excited electron to an acceptor molecule

Question 19

Electron transport

Answer 19

Transfer of electrons through carriers that pump H+ to the inside of the thylakoid and reduce NADP+ to NADPH

Question 20

What is the b6-f complex made up of?

Answer 20

Electron carriers in the thylakoid membrane

Question 21

Four steps of light dependent reaction

Answer 21

Receives light energy from its antenna complex and shuttles it to P700

Electrons from P700 are excited and transferred to an electron carrier

Electrons are passed along transport chain and ultimately reduce NADP+ to NADPH

electrons lost from P700 are replaced by those in the b6-f complex

Question 22

Electrons are returned to {blank} through an electron transport chain

Answer 22

Bacteriochlorophyll

Driving the chemiosmotic synthesis of ATP

Question 23

Three things cells need to build carbs

Answer 23

Energy
Redox potential
Source of carbon

Question 24

Three phases of the Calvin cycle

Answer 24

Carbon fixation using RUBPCO

Reduction

Regeneration of RuBP

Question 25

For every glucose molecule produce, how many CO2 must be fixed?

Answer 25

6

Question 26

For every 6 molecules of CO2 fixed, how many G3Ps leave the cycle?

Answer 26

2

Question 27

What do two G3Ps combine to produce?

Answer 27

1 glucose in the cytoplasm

Question 28

How much chemical energy is needed to produce a single glucose molecule? Where do these molecules come from?

Answer 28

18 ATP
12 NADPH
They come from light-dependent reactions

Question 29

Energy cycle

Answer 29

Photosynthesis uses the products of respiration as substrates, then respiration uses the products of photosynthesis as substrates

Question 30

Rubisco has 2 enzymatic activities:

Answer 30

Carboxylation: addition of CO2 to RuBP

Photorespiration :oxidation of RuBP by O2

Question 31

How to plants in hot conditions avoid photorespiration?

Answer 31

PEP carboxylase

Question 32

CAM plants

Answer 32

Stomata open only at night