Ch 7 X- ray Production Flashcards
2 types of x-rays:
characteristic and bremsstrahlung
kinetic energy is:
the energy of motion
all electrons have the same ____ and _____, therefore their KE is increased by ____
mass and velocity, raising the kVp
as electron KE is increased both the ____ and _____ of the beam are increased
both the intensity (quantity) and energy (quality) of the beam are increased
the distance b/w the filament and x-ray tube is only”
1 cm
x-ray tube current is aka:
projectile electrons
when projectile electrons hit the atoms of the target they:
transfer their KE
projectile electrons interact with ______ or ______ of the target atoms resulting in:
orbital electrons or nuclear field of the target atoms resulting in the conversion of KE to thermal energy (heat) or electromagnetic radiation (x-rays)
the 99% heat is due to:
projectile electrons interacting with outer shell electrons but not ionizing, so they are constantly excited (heated)
production of heat is directly related to:
the increasing x-ray tube current
heat production also in directly related to:
increasing kVp
characteristic radiation is when:
projectile electrons interact with an inner shell electron of the target rather than an outer shell electron
the interaction is violent enough to:
ionize the target atom through total removal of an inner shell electron
*characteristic x-rays are emitted when:
an outer shell electron fills an inner shell void
the transition of an outer shell electron to an inner shell is accompanied by:
the emission of an x-ray
the x-ray emitted has the energy equal to:
the difference of the binding energy of the electrons involved
K-rays result from:
electron transitions into the K shell
*only the _____ x-rays of _____ are useful for imaging
K-characteristic x-rays of tungsten
*this type of x-radiation is called characteristic because:
it is characteristic of the target element
bremsstrahlung radiation is when:
a projectile electron loses its KE due to its interaction with the nuclear field of the target atom
the lost KE is turned into:
electromagnetic energy
a projectile electron that completely avoids the orbital electrons as it passes through a target atom:
may become sufficiently close to the nucleus to be influenced by its electric field
because the electron is (-) and the nucleus is (+):
there is electrostatic force of attraction b/w them
as the projectile electron passes by the nucleus it ____; the lost KE reappears as____
is slowed down and changes its course, leaving with reduced KE in a different direction; the lost KE reappears as an x-ray
Bremsstrahlung x-rays are produced when:
a projectile electron si slowed by the nuclear field of a target atom nucleus
“Bremsstrahlung” means
“slowed down radiation”
*In the diagnostic range most x-rays are: Characteristic or Bremsstrahlung?
Bremsstrahlung
Bremsstrahlung x-rays can be produced at _____ projectile electron energy
any
K-characteristic x-rays require an x-ray tube potential of ____
at least 69 kVp
