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Oral Pathology, Stephen > ch 7 viral infections > Flashcards

ch 7 viral infections Flashcards

1
Q

)What are the members of the Herpetoviridae family

A 
HSV-1 HSV-2
Varicella Zoster (VSZ or HHV-3) Epstein Barr (EBV or HHV-4) Cytomegalovirus (CMV or HHV-5) Kaposi Sarcoma (KS or HHV-8)
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2
Q

Which is the oral herpes

A

HSV-1

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3
Q

Which is the genital herpes

A

HSV-2

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4
Q

When is HSV 2 dangerous

A

delivery of baby

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5
Q

Why do women have more risk of getting an STD

A

anatomy

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6
Q

2 ways HSV-1 is spread

A

infected saliva or active perioral lesions

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7
Q

Primary HSV-1 infection (Primary infection) age range

A

1st exposure, young age (6 mo-5 yrs, peak at 2-3 yrs due to daycare)

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8
Q

Primary HSV-1 infection symptoms

A

fever to flu-like symptoms followed by lesions on lips and gums

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9
Q

When is the only time HSV-1 while present on the lips and gums

A

Primary Infection

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10
Q

What is the term for the Primary herpes infection presentation of fever with eventually ulcerations of the lips and gums

A

Primary/Acute Herpetic Gingivostomatitis

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11
Q

What is the only thing that has unequivocally been proven to induce herpetic lesions after infection

A

UV light

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12
Q

6 things that can reactivate HSV-1

A

UV light Emotional Stress

Trauma Respiratory illness Systemic diseases Malignancy

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13
Q

Most common site of recurrence of HSV-1 and what is it called

A

Vermillion border and adjacent skin o f lips Herpes labialis

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14
Q

Lay term for Herpes Labialis (Recurrent HSV-1)

A

cold sore/fever blister

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15
Q

Herpes labialis symptoms

A

pain, burning, itching, local warmth

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16
Q

Herpes Labialis course

A

prodromal pain 6-24 hours pre-lesion. Vesicle ruptures and crusts +2 days. Healing 7-10 days

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17
Q

HSV-1 primary infection b/w ages 6 mos – 5 yrs, peaking at 2-3 yrs, w/ abrupt onset, cervical lymphadenopathy, fever (103-105), nausea, anorexia, irritability, mouth lesions

A

Acute Herpetic Gingivostomatitis

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18
Q

Character of the lesions of Primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis

A

distinctive punched out erosions, enlarged gingival, erythema, lesions all over mouth

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19
Q

Herpes histology

A

Ballooning degeneration, multi-nucleated giant cells, Tzanck cells

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20
Q

HSV-1 on thumbs or forefingers

A

Herpetic Whitlow

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21
Q

3 topical anti-virals for HSV-1 treatment

A

Acyclovir Docosonal Penciclovir

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22
Q

3 Systemic anti-virals for HSV-1 treatment

A

Acyclovir 200 mg Famciclovir 125 mg Valacyclovir 500mg

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23
Q

What is the holistic approach for HSV-1 treatment

A

L-lysine 500mg

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24
Q

Chicken pox primary infection b/w 5-9 years

A

Vericella Zoster Virus (HHV-3)

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25
Q

Adult reactivation of Varicella-Zoster (HHV-3)

A

Herpes Zoster (shingles)

26
Q

What is the classic finding of Herpes Zoster (Shingles) and in what age

A

pt over 60, pain along nerve from back to front, then get lesions that scab in the area that look like shingles

27
Q

Where does Herpes Zoster (Shingles) reside when dormant

A

Dorsal Spinal ganglion

28
Q

Where does HSV-1 reside when dormant

A

Trigeminal nerve

29
Q

)Is there a vaccine for Herpes Zoster (Shingles)

A

Yes. Live attenuated vericella vaccine for adults

30
Q

Histology for HSV-1.Refers to free floating epithelial cell in any intraepithelial vesicle

A

Tzanck cells

31
Q

With the Herpes Zoster (Shingles) diagnosis, are the pain and lesions unilateral or bilateral

A

unilateral and painful

32
Q

Syndrome associated with Herpes Zoster (Shingles) that is a combination of cutaneous lesions of the external auditory canal and involvement of the ipsilateral facial and auditory nerves leading to facial paralysis, hearing defects, vertigo

A

Ramsay Hunt Syndrome

33
Q

symptomatic disease form exposure to Epstein-Barr Virus (HHV-4)

A

Infectious Mononucleosis

34
Q

When is Epstein Barr Virus (HHV-4) symptomatic: children or young adults

A

Young adults

35
Q

Infectious Mononucleosis (Epstein Barr Virus/HHV- 4) symptoms

A 
Fever
Lymphadenopathy
Pharyngitis
Tonsilitis
Hepatosplenomegaly & rash (less frequent)
36
Q

What is a differential for lymphadenopathy in young adult

A

Cat scratch fever

Epstein Barr Virus (HHV-4/ Mononucleosis)

37
Q

2 tests that confirm Epstein Barr Virus

A

Paul-Bunnell heterophil antibody Indirectimmunofluorescent test for EBV-specific
antibodies

38
Q

Treatment for Epstein Barr Virus (HHV-4)

A

non-aspirin antinpyretics and NSAIDS No contact sports if enlarged spleen

39
Q

This Herpetiform virus can reside latently in salivary gland cells, endothelium, macrophages, and lymphocytes

A

Cytomegalovirus (CMV, HHV-5)

40
Q

3 Enteroviruses of dental significance

A

Herpangina Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease Acute Lymphonodular pharyngitis

41
Q

Herpangina symptoms

A

acute onset of significant sore throat Dysphagia

Fever

42
Q

what is the character of the oral lesions associated with Herpangina

A

start as red maculles that ulcerate into 2-4 mm diameter ulcer, 2-6 total, posterior palate and tonsilar pillars

43
Q

Most well-known enterovirus infection

A

Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease

44
Q

What precedes what in the development of symptoms of Hand –foot-and-Mouth disease

A

Oral precedes cutaneous

45
Q

what is the difference in the oral lesions of Hand foot and Mouth versus Herpangina

A

Hand-Foot-and-Mouth has numerous oral lesions (1-30) that can be anywhere in the mouth, where Herpangina is 2-6 posterior mouth only

46
Q

This Enterovirus is characterized by 1-5 yellow to dark pink nodules on the soft palate and tonsillar pillars representing hyperplastic lymphoid tissue

A

Acute Lymphonodular Pharyngitis

47
Q

Will Acute Lymphonodular pharyngitis ulcerate

48
Q

Diagnosis of Enteroviruses

A

By clinical presentation

49
Q

Treatment of Enteroviruses

A

Self-limiting, so direct therapy toward symptomatic relief w/ non-aspirin anti-pyretics and topical anesthetics

50
Q

Infection produced by a paramyxovirus that has largely been controlled with vaccines

A

50.)Rubeola/Measles

51
Q

What is the most distinctive oral manifestion of Rubeola/Measels in its initial stage

A

Koplik’s spots

52
Q

What are Koplik’s spots

A

mucosal erythema w/ numerous small blue-white macules within

53
Q

What are the Pathoneumonic histologic cells for Measels

A

Warthin Finkeldey Giant Cells

54
Q

This sounds like the virus that causes normal measles, but this is a mild viral illness produced by a Togavirus, and has capacity to cause birth defects

A

Rubella/ German Measles

55
Q

What is the classic triad of congenital rubella syndrome (Siversky said good exam question)

A

Deafness Heart Disease

Cataracts

56
Q

This is a virus also caused by a Paramyxovirus, but this causes a diffuse disease of exocrine glands, with the Parotic salivary glands being the best known site of involvement

A

Mumps/ Endemic Parotitis

57
Q

What is a clinical symptom of Mumps/Endemic Parotitis

A

pain during initial parotid enlargement, then pain w/ chewing and salivation

58
Q

What is the 2nd most common place, beside the Parotid, that can swell due to Mumps/Endemic Parotitis

A

Testicles (Epididymoorchitis)

59
Q

What are oral infections associated with Human immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

A

Candidiasis
HIV associated Kaposi’s Sarcoma
HIV associated Oral Hairy Leukoplakia

60
Q

What does HIV associated Kaposi’s Sarcoma look like

A

multiple lesions of skin and oral mucosa. Brown or reddish purple that do no blanch under pressure

61
Q

What are the common oral areas for HIV associated Kaposi’s Sarcoma

A

Hard Palate Gingiva Tongue

Oral Pathology, Stephen (13 decks)

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